2018年英语一考研真题及答案解析.docVIP

Section?I?Use?of?English Directions: Read?the?following?text.?Choose?the?best?word?(s)?for?each?numbered?blank?and?mark A,?B,?C?or?D?on?the?ANSWER?SHEET.?(10?points) Trust?is?a?tricky?business.?On?the?one?hand,?its?a?necessary?condition?1?many worthwhile?things:?child?care,?friendships,?etc.?On?the?other?hand,?putting?your?2,?in?the wrong?place?often?carries?a?high?3. 4,?why?do?we?trust?at?all??Well,?because?it?feels?good.?5?people?place?their?trust?in?an individual?or?an?institution,?their?brains?release?oxytocin,?a?hormone?that?6?pleasurable feelings?and?triggers?the?herding?instruct?that?prompts?humans?to?7?with?one?another. Scientists?have?found?that?exposure?8?this?hormone?puts?us?in?a?trusting?9:?In?a?Swiss study,?researchers?sprayed?oxytocin?into?the?noses?of?half?the?subjects;?those?subjects were?ready?to?lend?significantly?higher?amounts?of?money?to?strangers?than?were?their?10 who?inhaled?something?else. 11?for?us,?we?also?have?a?sixth?sense?for?dishonesty?that?may?12?us.?A?Canadian study?found?that?children?as?young?as?14?months?can?differentiate?13?a?credible?person and?a?dishonest?one.?Sixty?toddlers?were?each?14?to?an?adult?tester?holding?a?plastic container.?The?tester?would?ask,?“What’s?in?here?”?before?looking?into?the?container, smiling,?and?exclaiming,?“Wow!”?Each?subject?was?then?invited?to?look?15.?Half?of?them found?a?toy;?the?other?half?16?the?container?was?empty-and?realized?the?tester?had?17 them. Among?the?children?who?had?not?been?tricked,?the?majority?were?18?to?cooperate?with the?tester?in?learning?a?new?skill,?demonstrating?that?they?trusted?his?leadership.?19,?only five?of?the?30?children?paired?with?the?“20”tester?participated?in?a?follow-up?activity. 1.?[A]?on?[B]?like?[C]?for?[D]?from 2.?[A]?faith?[B]?concern?[C]?attention?[D]?interest 3.?[A]?benefit?[B]?debt?[C]?hope?[D]?price 4.?[A]?Therefore?[B]?Then?[C]?Instead?[D]?Again 5.?[A]Until?[B]?Unless?[C]?Although?[D]?When 6.?[A]?selects?[B]?produces?[C]?appli