研究生英文文献汇报系列2.pptx

Infant Gut Microbiome Associated WithCognitive Development婴儿（2岁时）的认知发育与（特定种类的）肠道微生物有关Biological Psychiatry, June 2017（online）IF:10.577Yao xing,2018-01-02ContensBackgroundObjectivesMethodsResultsStrengths and limitationsConclusionsWordsrodents（啮齿动物）Gut colonization（肠道微生物定植）MSEL: Mullen Scales of Early Learning（马伦早期学习量表） 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing（16s rRNA扩增子测序） alpha diversity（α多样性： α多样性高，肠道菌群比较成熟） the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill（北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校）Co-occurrence Networks（共线/同现网络）Metagenome Prediction（宏基因组学预测，利用基因组学的研究策略研究样品所包含的全部微生物的遗传组成及其群落功能）Faecalibacterium（普氏菌）Bacteroides（拟杆菌）Ruminococcaceae（瘤胃球菌/疣微菌科）Background1.The gut microbiome is a complex microbial ecosystem that varies between individuals and may be a key modulator of neurodevelopment through the microbiome-gut-brain axis（肠脑轴）.2.In rodents, experimental manipulations that alter the intestinal microbiota impact anxiety and depression-related behaviors .3.In humans, altered microbial composition of the gut has been reported in children with autism and adults with depression and is linked to childhood temperament and adult cognition.4.No studies have addressed when these relationships emerge or directly examined which brain regions may be involved.5.A relationship may exist between concurrent(同时发生的) gut colonization and brain development processes.Objectives1.In this prospective, longitudinal study, the researchers tested whether the 1-year-old gut microbiome was associated with cognitive outcomes at 1 and 2 years of age.2.They hypothesized that infant gut microbiome samples would cluster into groups of community similarity and that cognitive ability would differ between clusters.根据群落相似性，肠道菌群样本可以聚类为不同的组，而聚类到不同组的婴儿可能具有不同的认知能力Methods1. Study PopulationRecruited 89 1-year-old infants (twins and singletons) from two prospective longitudinal studies of early brain development at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.两项关于早期大脑发育的前瞻性、纵向研究Exclusion criteria for the parent studies includ