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2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)
SectionI UseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthe followingtext.Choosethebestword(s) foreachnumberedblank andmarkA,
B, CorD ontheANSWER SHEET. (10points)
Why dopeoplereadnegativeInternet commentsanddootherthingsthatwill obviouslybe
painful?Becausehumanshavean inherentneedto 1 uncertainty,accordingto arecent study in
Psychological Science.Thenewresearchrevealsthattheneedtoknow isstrongthatpeoplewil
2 to satisfy their curiosity evenwhen it iscleartheanswerwill 3 .
In aseriesofexperiments,behavioral scientistsattheUniversity ofChicago andthe
Wisconsin schoolofBusinesstested students’willingnessto 4 themselvestounpleasant
stimuli in an effortto satisfy curiosity.For one 5 ,eachparticipantwasshown apileofpens
thattheresearcher claimedwere from apreviousexperiment.Thetwist?Half ofthepenswould
6 an electric shockwhen clicked.
Twenty-seven studentsweretoldwithpenswereelectrified;anothertwenty-seven weretold
onlythat somewereelectrified. 7 left alonein theroom.The studentswhodidnotknow which
oneswould shock them clickedmorepensandincurredmore shocksthan the studentswhoknew
thatwould 8 .Subsequent experimentsreproducedthiseffectwith other stimuli, 9 the
soundoffingernailson achalkboardandphotographsofdisgustinginsects.
Thedriveto 10 isdeeplyrootedinhumans,much the sameasthebasicdrivesfor 11
or shelter,saysChristopher HseeoftheUniversity ofChicago.Curiosity isoften considereda
goodinstinct—it can 12 new scientific advances,for instance—but sometimes such 13 can
backfire.Theinsight that curiosity can driveyou todo 14 thingsisaprofoundone.
Unhealthycuriosity ispossibleto 15 ,however.In a finalexperiment,participantswho
wereencouragedto 16 howtheywould feelafterviewing anunpleasantpicturewereless
likely to 17 to see such an image.Theseresultssuggest that imaginingthe 18 offollowing
through on one’scuriosity aheadoftime canhelp determine 19 it isworth theendeav
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