生物多样赞性的评估指标.docxVIP

参赛队号 # 1251 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 1 题 目 生物多样性的评估指标 关 键 词 个体数量 贡献度 参数估计 摘 要： 本文是一个讨论生物多样性的评估指标，使其能够同时考虑到物种多样性、遗传多样性和生态系统多样性的综合影响。以数理统计的思想为基础，我们建立了相关的生态初等模型。 我们知道，生物多样性包括物种多样性、遗传多样性和生态系统多样性。 针对问题前言中提到的只以某地区物种数量的多少来衡量给地区的生物多样性的方法是不完善的：沙漠与草原的生物多样性对比显然不能利用各自物种数量的多少。正如问题中所说，遗传多样性对于生物多样性的影响也是不能忽略的因素之一。遗传主要表现在个体的差异，如人类就在进化中就分为了尼格罗人种、高加索人种和蒙古人种。三者都是智人，但性状有很大不同。而其中的基因多样性难以统计，人人之间均有不同。所以，我们可以简化思想，仅从种群内单体数量上来近似反应基因的多样性。 目前，对于生物多样性方面，在物种数量多度和物种个体的相对多度方面，都有成型的分析算法，但是没有对各物种在分布均匀度上对其进行加权，以下将对此进行详细阐述，并对某个物种的生物多样性贡献进行系数分析。 Keywords: individual quantity contribution degree parameter estimate Abstract This thesis is a discussion of the evaluation index of biological diversity, in order that it can consider genetic diversity, species diversity and ecosystem diversity at the same time ,and the comprehensive influence. By the central thought about mathematical statistics as the foundation, we established the relevant ecological elementary model. As we all know, biodiversity includes species diversity, genetic diversity and ecosystem diversity. For the question that the preface of the problem mentioned to a certain region only to measure the number of species to evaluate the biodiversity of the area is not perfect: desert and the grassland biodiversity contrast obviously cant use quantity of each species. As the problem said ,the influence of genetic diversity for biodiversity is one of the factors which is also cannot ignore .Genetic mainly displays in individual differences, as human beings are then separated in the Caucasian ,Negro race and Mongolian in evolution. All three are homo sapiens, but the characters they have are absolutely different. And the genetic diversity between them are difficult in statistics, all of them are different with each other. So, we can simplify the thought, only from individual quantity of a species approximately makes reaction to genetic diversity. At present, for biodiversity, in species quantity degree and individ