简单句英汉语言对比及翻译.pptVIP

简单句英汉语言对比与翻译;序言：;Yan Fu’s (严复) “three character guide”, which was first proposed in 1898, is the principle of “faithfulness, expressiveness, and elegance” (信、达、雅). Some revisions such as faithfulness, expressiveness and closeness (信、达、切); faithfulness, expressiveness and fitness (信、达、贴), Fu Lei’s (傅雷) spiritual conformity/resemblance in spirit (神似) ;e.g. 天目山林深人少，古树掩映，清泉石上流，雾生半山腰，如仙境一般。 Mt. Tianmu, densely forested and scarcely populated, is like a fairyland where heavy fogs envelop halfway up the mountain and clear streams flow along the valleys. ;【基本知识】汉语-线性序列结构 VS 英语-空间结构;【基本句型】：; 树状和竹状; 英语重结构，汉语重语义; 英语多长句，汉语多短句;英语常用短语动词，句中意义紧凑，较多使用名词和介词； 汉语则喜欢用短句，句中意义松散，多使用动词。 /Norways prime minister cannot use his new bomb-proof car /despite/ a threat of attack by al Qaeda /because/ Norways state road authority says it is too heavy,/ Reuters reported Monday./ 【译文】路透社周一报道，尽管受到基地组织威胁，挪威首相还是不能使用他的新防爆炸轿车，因为挪威道路管理部门称新车太重。 【分析】 该句为简单句不过附属成分多，中文翻译无法用一句长简单句表达，因为会很难断句并造成理解困难。最后将其划分为几个意群，由多个短句表达。 al Qaeda 基地组织;/The American economic system is, /organized around a basically private-enterprise, /market-oriented economy/ in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced /by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services /that they want most. 【译文】美国的经济基本是以私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济下，消费者在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费，在很大程度上决定了什么应该被制造出来。 【分析】 该句主语为美国经济，并对美国经济进行定义， in which 从句修饰市场导向性经济，by spending ..通过在市场中国购买他们想要的商品和服务。“organized ..”为插入成分，修饰美国经济。 该句为简单句，主干部分为“The American economic system is market-oriented economy“其余为修饰成分，但在翻译时并不能用单个简单句就能解决问题，必须将它拆分为多个短句。;/The director general of the World Health Organization (WHO), Mr. Halfdan Mahler, yesterday predicted /that /up to 100 million people world-wide may become infected with the AIDS virus in the next four or five years/ and that /by that time it would cost at least $115 billion a year to counteract the disease, /when virus may vary as time goes and become harder to control/. 【译文】世界卫生组织执行长官Halfdan Mahler 先生, 昨天预言在今后四、五年