新型农业经营主体困境摆脱及其体制机制创新_张照新.pdf

区域经济 REGIONALECONOMY 新型农业经营主体的困境摆脱 及其体制机制创新* MechanismInnovation 张照新 赵 海 内容提要 随着我国新型农业经营主体的不断发展，我国将形成以承包农户、种养大户和家庭农场为基础，以 农民合作社、龙头企业和各类经营性服务组织为支撑，多种生产经营组织共同协作、相互融合、具有中国特色 的新型农业经营体系。 培育新型农业经营主体，需要处理好五个关系。 具体来说，要加强土地流转服务，加快发 展政策性农业保险，加大对新型农业经营主体的扶持力度，有序推进农业转移人口市民化，加强新型经营主体 人才队伍建设。 关键词 新型农业经营主体 种养大户 专业合作社 龙头企业 社会化服务组织 作者单位 农业部农村经济研究中心 北京 100810 Zhang Zhaoxin Zhao Hai Abstract: With the development of new agricultural management entities in China, the new agricultural management system with Chinese characteristics with mutual cooperation and integration among the various production and business will be formed which takes the contracted farmers, specialized households and family farm as the foundation, and the farmer cooperatives, leading enterprises and various business service organizations as the support. To cultivate the new agricultural management entities, we should deal with the five relations between the new agricultural management entities and traditional farmers, specifically to strengthen the land circulation service, develop the policy agricultural insurance, increase the efforts to support the new agricultural management entities, promote the agricultural population urbanization, strengthen the talent team construction of agricultural business entities. Key words: new agricultural business entities, specialized households, professional cooperative, leading enterprises, socialized service organizations 进入 世纪以来，随着我国工业化、城镇化进程加快，农村劳动力 21 大量向城镇和非农产业转移，“谁来种地” 问题凸显，培育壮大规模化、 专业化、集约化和市场化的农业经营组织、创新农业经营体制机制的要 求日益迫切。 如何理解新型农业经营主体这一概念，发展新型农业经营 主体面临哪些制约和障碍，如何促进新型经营主体发展，这些问题成为 理论和政策研究者面临的重要课题。 一、新型农业经营