初中英语语法 谓语动词的讲解.docVIP

初中英语语法 非谓语动词的讲解 非谓语动词指的是在句中起名词，形容词或副词作用的动词形式，而不是作谓语的动词形式。 动词的非谓语形式分为动名词，分词，动词不定式。 Climbing mountain is a good exercise. (Climbing..., 动名词起名词作用） Do you know the man wearing a white shirt. （wearing ..分词起形容词作用） He gets up early to catch the first bus. (to catch ...不定式起副词作用) 谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别： 1)????? 谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语，而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。 Miss Mary teaches us English. 玛丽教我们英语。（teaches 动词作谓语） Mr. Li came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week. （to have a talk.... 不定式作状语） 2)????? 谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制，而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。 Mike likes the pop music. （动词用单数第三人称形式） Lucy has nothing to do today。（do 用原形） 非谓语动词的特征： 1 如果非谓语动词是及物动词，后面须跟宾语。 Studying English is my favorite.（studying 后跟宾语） To help him is my duty. 帮助他是我的责任。（help 后跟宾语） 2 非谓语动词可以带有自己的状语或逻辑主语。 Working under such a condition is terrible. (under such a condition 是 working 的状语） Its too difficult for him to master English in such a short time. （for him 作不定式的逻辑主语） 3 非谓语动词仍有语态和时态的变化。 I am sorry to have kept you waiting long.（to have kept...是不定式的完成形式） Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful. （Seen from...是分词的被动形式） 4 非谓语动词在句中可以当成名词或者形容词来使用。 Our coming made him happy.（coming 起名词作用） There are two big swimming pools here. (swimming 起形容词作用) 非谓语动词的形式变化： 不定式 主 动 被 动 一 般　 to write　 to be written 进 行　 to be writing 完 成　 to have written 　 to have been written 完成进行　 to have been writing 现 在 分 词　 主 动　 被 动 一 般　 writing　 being written 完 成　 having written 　 having been written 过去分词　 主动 被 动 一般　　 written 动名词 　主动 被 动 一般　 writing　being written 完成　 having written　 having been written ●动 词 不 定 式： 动词不定式是由 to + 动词原形构成，在句中起名词，形容词和副词的作用，可以担任除谓语以外的其它任何成分。 1. 动词不定式作主语： To mast a language is not an easy thing. To teach English is my favorite