初中英语语法系---非谓语动词.ppt

  It is + adj.+ of sb.+ to do sth.与 of 连用的形容词常常用来形容“人”：good, kind , nice , wise ,clever , foolish , right , wrong , careful , careless , polite , possibleIt’s very kind of you to help me. 你能帮我，真好。 It’s clever of you to work out the maths problem. 你真聪明，解出了这道数学题。It is + adj.+ for sb.+ to do sth.与 for 连用的形容词常常用来形容“物”：difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous，（im）possible等。 It’s very dangerous for children to cross the busy street. 对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道很危险。 It’s difficult for us to finish the work. 对我们来说，完成这项工作很困难。 后面只能接不定式作宾语的动词有： 先看几个例句，判断不定式在句中的成分。 1．To learn a foreign language is difficult .2． His wish is to be a driver .3．Tom wanted to have a cup of beer .4．The teacher told us to do morning exercises .5．I have nothing to say .6．They went to see their aunt .7．It’s easy to see their aunt.8．I don’t know what to do next .9．I heard them make a noise . 1． “to” 是不定式符号还是介词，下列短语中的to 都是介词。agree to，object to，close to , come to , lead to , refer to ,equal to , familiar to , point to , thank to , devote to , next to , belong to , be(get) used to 习惯于, look forward to 渴望, pay attention to 注意, get down to 开始认真(做某事), devote oneself to 献身于 2． 带to 还是不带toI have no choice but to give in.I cannot do anything but give in.I saw him enter the classroom .（ 但是： He was seen to enter the classroom .） 3、不定式的否定形式：not to do sth. 　 例如：Tell him ___ the window.　 A. to shut not　 B. not to shut　 C. to not shut 　 D. not shut　答案：B. tell sb to do sth 的否定形式为tell sb not to do sth. 4、动词不定式与疑问词连用：疑问代词who, what, which和疑问副词 when, where, how , why等后面可以按动词不定式，构成动词不定式短语，可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。 例如： (1) He doesn’t know how to use the machine. ? (不定式作宾语) (2) How to use the machine is a question. (不定式作主语) (3) The question is when to go there. (不定式作表语) 5、不定式的特殊句型： 1）too…to…：太…而不能… He is too excited to speak. 2）enough to do：足以做 … The child is old enough to go to school. 3） Why not +动词原形表达向某人提出建议，翻译为：为什么不……? Why not take a holiday? 4）so as (not) to