农村贫困儿童生存现状及其社会救助研究.PDF

摘 要 改革开放以来，随着我国经济的发展，社会分层越来越复杂，社会分化日益 加剧，贫困儿童成为社会分层中的一个特殊的弱势群体，尤其是农村贫困儿童。 贫困儿童社会救助的效果好坏将会直接导致社会不同群体贫富差距的缩小或是继 续拉大，并直接影响到贫困儿童的健康成长和未来的发展，也影响到未来社会的 和谐发展，甚至影响到全面建成小康社会战略的实现。目前我国对贫困儿童的社 会救助明显不足，他们的成长需要得到更多的关注。 本文以江西省 D 县农村贫困儿童为研究对象，运用文献法了解当前国内外的 社会救助状况，并用问卷调查法了解目前 D 县农村贫困儿童的生存状况，分析了 D 县农村社会救助现状。调查发现农村社会救助现状存在“社会救助主体失衡、 社会救助方式单一、社会救助机制不健全”等问题，D 县贫困儿童救助方面存在 诸多制约因素。为此，必须促进社会救助主体的多元化，推进社会救助内容的精 准化，推动救助方式的多元化，提升救助机制的系统化，进而为农村贫困儿童建 构一个完善的、多层次的、系统化的社会化救助体系。 关键词：农村贫困儿童；生存现状；社会救助； 1 Abstract With the development of China’s economy, social differentiation has been increasingly exacerbating since the reform and opening-up policy was conducted. During this process, underprivileged children, especially those poor children in rural areas, have become a special vulnerable group. Whether social assistance for those children is good or not will directly result in a larger or narrower gap between the rich and poor, which will affect the healthy growth of those poor children and also affect the construction of a harmonious society, or even affect implementing the strategy of building a comprehensive well-off society. So far, social assistance for underprivileged children, whose healthy growth should be paid more attention to, is obviously insufficient. Based on the survey of the rural underprivileged children in D county in Jiangxi Province, this paper analyzed these data collected through literature review and questionnaires and examined their living conditions and social assistance for them in rural areas. It is revealed that there some serious existing problems such as im