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最全虚拟语气用法总结
Subjunctive Mood !!!;概念:谓语v用不同的形式表示说话人的不同意图,这种形式称为语气。语气分三种:
1.陈述语气:用来陈述一个事实,或提出一种看法,有肯定、否定、疑问、感叹等形式。
He is late for class. What fun!
He is not interested in classical music.
2.祈使语气:用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等(动词常用原形)
Don’t be late!
3.虚拟语气:表示说话人所说的不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。;一、虚拟语气在 if非真实条件句中;If you had studied hard before, you would have passed the exam.;You didn’t let me drive. If we ______ in turn, you ______ so tired.
drove; didn’t get
drove; wouldn’t get
were driving; wouldn’t get
had driven; wouldn’t have got;________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yang Pu Bridge.
Were B. Should
C.Would D. Will ;注意:
1.错综时间虚拟语气
当从句主句所表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。
If you ____________(follow)my advice just now, you _________(be)better now.
If you __________(study)hard before, you _______(be)a college student now.
;If you ______ with George earlier, you _____ so angry now.
talked; would not be
had talked; would not be
would talk; would not be
had talked; would not have been;If we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the river _____ so seriously now.
is not polluted
would not be polluted
had not been polluted
would not have been polluted;2. if从句中,were,had(完成时态标志),should可以放在句首,(用于倒装结构),if必须省略。否定词not不能放在前面。
1.Had I not seen him then(Hadn’t I seen him then), I
wouldnt have been very happy.
;3、含蓄虚拟语气
有时为了表达的需要,在虚拟语气中,并不总是出现if引导的条件句,而通过其它手段来代替条件句。
常用的有介词with,without,but for(倘没有,要不是);连词or,but;副词otherwise等。;2.He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it.
3.I should have given you more help, but I was too busy.;Without electricity, human being life ______ quite different today.
is
will be
would have been
would be;But for his help, I ______.
should not have succeeded
have not succeeded
did not succeed
had not succeeded;He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _____ a goal.
had scored
scored
would score
would have scored;— Why didn’
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