新概念2第90课.ppt

Lesson 90 Whats for supper? 使役态 I must have this table photocopied．我必须（找人）把这个表格复印出来。 “have ＋名词＋done”中的have是使役动词。表示“让某人来完成某动作”。 I had my bike repaired yesterday.? 昨天我把自行车修好了。? have ＋宾语＋过去分词 I had my pocket picked on the subway．我在地铁里，口袋被人掏了。 Those plants are not suitable for that part of the garden．I should have them pulled up．那些植物在园子里的那个地方不太合适。我要（叫人）把它们拔掉。 【Special Difficulties】 被看作整体的、用and连接的两个名词 当主语是and连接的两个名词时，谓语通常用复数形式：An umbrella and a suitcase are still needed. 有些名词由于常在一起连用，就把它们看成整体(或一个单位)，因而成了一种复合名词。它们不仅有固定的词序，且后面的谓语动词常用单数形式。 这类复合名词有：bacon and eggs(咸肉和鸡蛋)，bread and butter(面包和黄油)，cheese and wine(奶酷和葡萄酒)，fish and chips(鱼和油炸土豆片)，a knife and fork(一副刀叉)，sausage(s) and mash(香肠和土豆泥)。通常被作为单数看待的有一道菜和一套东西。 Fish and chips is a popular meal in Britain. 如把两名词看成是分开的东西，动词就要用复数： eg.Fish and chips make a good meal. 就近原则：也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”(Proximity），即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、数”上一致。 1. With the development of modern agriculture and industry, more and more waste and poison is poured into the water, the soil and the air. 2. More and more Chinese and Japanese silks are exported to Italy. 在英语中，用and连接两个或两个以上的复合主语有两种不同性质的关系，即同位语性等立关系和非同位语性等立关系。如果and所连接的复合主语是表示单一概念，指的是同一事物，则属同位语性等立关系，根据意义一致原则，其谓语应选用单数形式；如果由and连接的复合主语不是表示单一概念，而是指不同的事物，则属非同位语性等立关系，这种情况下，无论是根据语法一致原则还是根据意义一致原则，其谓语都应该用复数形式。 据此，1句中的“waste and poison”(有毒的废物) 是属于同位语性等立关系，该词组中and的含义实际上和with相似，因此，必须作单数看待。类似于这种关系的词组常见的有：bacon and eggs (腊肉荷包蛋)，bread and butter (涂有黄油的面包)，truth and honesty (真诚) 等；而2句中的“Chinese and Japanese silks”意为“Chinese silk and Japanese silk”(中国丝绸和日本丝绸)，是指两个不同的事物，属非同位语性等立关系，因此，该句的谓语要用复数形式。 Summary Writing Divers working on North Sea oil rigs are often terrified by giant fish that bump into them when they are working in deep water. These fish are not sharks or whales. On the contrary, they are favourite eating varieties that grow to unnatural sizes. Three factors have caused this to happen: the first is the warmth from oil-pipes; the second is the supply of plentiful food; the third is the ab