堆垛钢板用木托架的受力分析及优化.pdf

第37 卷 第23 期 包 装 工 程 2016 年 12 月 PACKAGING ENGINEERING ·105 · 堆垛钢板用木托架的受力分析及优化 马婕 （银川能源学院，银川 750105 ） 摘要：目的 对某钢材公司现有田字型木托架结构进行分析，并对其结构进行改进优化，获得兼顾木托 架承载性能与节约成本、降低使用木材资源的设计方法。方法 通过建立田字型和外伸梁型（3 纵梁×2 横梁）木托架的堆存工况力学模型，对木托架的受力情况进行理论推导与研究，并根据结果制定出外 伸梁型木托架的优化设计方案，并应用有限元法对吊运和多层堆存工况进行仿真，求出木托架结构的 应力响应，以检验优化设计方案的正确性。结果 采用外伸梁型木托架代替田字型的木托架在堆放工况 下弯曲应力低，相同的条件下外伸梁型木托架能够承受田字型木托架所承载载荷，且成本更低。结论 外 伸梁型木托架更能节约木材和其他耗材，具有很好的实际工程价值。 关键词：木托架；受力分析；有限元；优化设计 中图分类号：TB482.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001-3563(2016)23-0105-06 Stress Analysis and Optimization of Steel Plates for Stacking with Wooden Pallet MA Jie (Yinchuan Energy Institute, Yinchuan 750105, China) ABSTRACT: The work aims to analyze the existing matts-shaped wooden pallet of some steel company and improve optimize its structure, so as to achieve the design method that gives considerations to both load-bearing property and cost saving and reduces the timbers to be used. After the mechanical model of stockpiling conditions for matts-shaped and overhang-beam type wooden pallets (with 3 stringers and 3 beams) was built, the theoretical deduction and research of force bearing conditions of wooden pallets were conducted. The optimized design scheme was made according to the re- sults. The lifting and multi-stockpiling conditions in finite element method were simulated to obtain the stress response of wooden pallets. By doing so, the correctness of optimized design scheme was verified. By replacing the matts-shaped wooden pallets, the overhang-beam type wooden pallets had less bending stress