基于单片机的水塔水位控制系统.doc

摘 要 水塔是在日常生活和工业应用中经常见到的蓄水装置，基于单片机的水塔水位控制系统使水塔水位自动保持在一定的位置，通过对其水位的控制对外供水，以满足需要。该系统使用水位传感器对水塔水位进行检测并将检测到的信号传给单片机STC89C52进行处理，通过调整定时器的定时时间来增大或者缩小占空比，并采用C语言编写控制程序，从而实现电机的调速。最后，使用带字库的LCD1602液晶屏显示当前水位状态以及电动机的转速。该系统实现了过低水位蜂鸣器鸣笛报警、过低警戒水位自动处理、正常水位蜂鸣器鸣笛报警以及正常水位处理、手动按键调整PWM(Pulse Width Modulation)电机调速等功能。本系统适应在不同的用水场合下的用水速度需要，节省工作时间，提高了整体工作的效率，实现水塔水位的自动控制。 关键词：单片机控制；水位检测；LCD1602显示；PWM电机调速 ABSTRACT The water tower is commonly seen in daily life and industrial as application of storage device. The system is based on single-chip microcomputer control system help to keep water towers in certain water level and according to the automatic level of control to supply the needs of water. Water level sensor is used for towers on the examination detect signal and transfer the signal to STC89C52 , through the adjustment of the time to increase or narrow the duty ratio, and using C language program, so as to realize the compilation control of motor speed. Finally, current levels and motor speed are shown with 1602 LCD screen in this system. This system realizes the buzzer low level alarm, low whistle warning level automatic processing, normal level alarm or normal water buzzer sirens and manual buttons Pulse Width Modulation. This system realizes the automatic control in different water situation of water to save the working time, speed, and also improves the overall efficiency of water towers. Key Words：SCM control; Water detection; LCD1602 display; PWM motor speed; 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc264114299 1 引 言 PAGEREF _Toc264114299 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc264114300 1.1 课题简介 PAGEREF _Toc264114300 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc264114301 2 系统的整体方案设计 PAGEREF _Toc264114301 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc264114302 2.1 功能要求 PAGEREF _Toc264114302 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc264114303 2.2 设计要求 PAGEREF _Toc264114303 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc264114304 2.3 系统基本方案选择和论证 PAGEREF _Toc264114304 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc264114305 2.3.1 单片机芯片的选择方案论证 PAGEREF _Toc264114305 \h 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc264114306 2.3