阀控铅酸蓄电池早期容量衰减的研究化学工程专业论文.docxVIP

中文摘要随着化石能源危机的加剧，电动车得到了广泛的普及。目前电动车用阀控铅 中文摘要 随着化石能源危机的加剧，电动车得到了广泛的普及。目前电动车用阀控铅 酸(Ⅵ也A)蓄电池正趋向长寿命、大容量的方向发展。然而，大容量的VRLA 电池在使用过程中经常会发生早期容量衰减现象，严重影响了蓄电池的使用寿 命。本文针对天津蓝天公司生产的电动车大容量VRLA电池早期容量衰减问题 进行了研究。 通过解剖两种不同型号的寿命终止的电池，测试极板上下部分硫酸密度，并 对正极活性物质进行扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、循环伏安 (CV)、交流阻抗(IMP)测试，分析了6DZM20型号电池出现早期容量衰减的 原因，并针对此问题提出下面解决方案。 遥过循环伏安测试，得出了C6H807(柠檬酸)、(NH4)2S04(硫酸铵)作为电 解液复合添加剂的最佳配比。再向硫酸电解液中加入这种复合添加剂制备成实验 电池，与电解液中不含添加剂的空白电池进行对比实验。实验结果表明，C6H807 与(Nrhhs04添加剂明显抑制了大容量电动车电池的早期容量衰减问题。电池的 初始容量和循环寿命都得到很大改善，室温下具有很好的荷电保持能力，低温充 电接受能力强，适合在较大倍率下放电。通过对正极活性物质相结构和表观形貌 分析，表明实验电池的正极活性物质致密、均匀、无大块PbS04结晶出现，空白 电池则正好相反。本文详细分析了C6H807和(NH4hS04的作用机理。 向电解液中添加气相Si02粉末制备胶体电解液电池，明显抑制了硫酸分层现 象，防止了电池早期容量衰减的发生，使电池获得了很好的性能。本文也对胶体 电解液作用机理进行了研究。 关键词：阀控铅酸蓄电池；早期容量衰减；正极活性物质；复合添加剂；胶体 电解液 ABSTRACTWith ABSTRACT With the aggravation of fossil energy crisis，electric vehicle has got extensive popularization．The VRLA batteries of electric vehicles are tending to development of long life and large capacity at present．However,the phenomenon of premature capacity loss(PCL)often takes place in the using of large capacity VRLA batteries， have influenced batteries’service life seriously．PCL on the large capacity VRLA batteries of electric vehicle which are produced by Lantian company were carried On research． Two kinds of type batteries which are life finished were anatomized．Density of sulfuric acid respectively in the top and lower parts of batteries’polar plate were tested,and positive active material(PAM)was tested by SEM，XRD，CV，IMP．We found reasons of PCL on 6DZM20 VRLA batteries and proposed the following solution to this problem． Citric acid,ammonium sulphate as the best matching of additive in the electrolyte were obtained by CV．And then added the compound additive in electrolyte to make experiment batteries，compared with blank batteries which were not added additive．The results showed that：additive batteries controlled the PCL evidently．Initial capacity and life were improved greatly．They have kept good charge maint