汽车操纵稳定性介绍(中英文).pdfVIP

Vehicle Handling introduction 车辆操纵性介绍 Andrew Middleton, Technical Director, Anthony Best Dynamics Ltd Vehicle handling is closely related to ride and steering. 车辆的操纵性与行驶平顺性和转向特性是密切相关的。 Ride is not dealt with in this presentation, but vehicle characteristics optimised for ride will affect handling. 行驶平顺性在这次讲座中没有提及，但是关于车辆行驶平顺 性的优化将影响到操纵性。 The art of ride and handling is to find the “best compromise” for the type of vehicle. 平顺性和操纵性的技术在于取得车辆的“最佳折衷”的办法。 Suspension Geometry. 悬架几何结构 Wheel position definitions 车轮定位 Ackermann geometry, Intended to make the steered wheels follow a curve without sliding. 阿克曼结构，使转向车轮依从曲线前进，防止滑动。 Inner front wheel turns to a greater angle than outer wheel. 内侧前轮转向角度大于外侧前轮。 Roll Axis Roll axis =Line joining front and rear roll centres. 侧倾轴＝前、后侧倾中心连线 Roll centres positioned by suspension geometry 侧倾中心由悬架结构确定 KINEMATICS and COMPLIANCE KINEMATICS – GEOMETRIC EFFECTS 运动性－当车轮相对于车身运动时悬架的几何参数的变化 COMPLIANCE – FLEXIBILITY EFFECTS. 柔性－悬架在负载下的弹性特性 Road surface bumps, braking acceleration and cornering; change the wheel positions and hence the kinematics change the wheel loadings and hence cause changes in elastic deflections 路面的不平整、刹车产生的加速度以及转向，改变了车轮的位置，因 此运动性改变车轮的载荷，造成了弹性扰曲。 BUMP STEER, ROLL STEER and COMPLIANCE STEER 颠簸转向性，侧倾转向性和柔性转向性 Bump steer and roll steer are geometric effects. 颠簸转向性和侧倾转向性是几何影响。 Bump steer occurs when the body height relative to the road changes. It is caused by a change of wheel toe-in/toe-out when the wheel moves vertically away from its normal ride position. 当车身高度相对于路面改变时产生颠簸转向。它的产生是由于当车轮初始行 驶位置垂直改变时前轮前束/前轮后束发生改变。 Roll steer occurs whe