供应链库存管理研究.pdf

供应链库存管理研究 摘 要 供应链优化的目标主要是实现供应链整体运作成 本的最小化，为了获取最小化的成本，一个重要的方 面就是供应链节点企业必须有效地管理供应链中的库 存。因此，计划和协调供应链中的库存就成了最小化 库存成本的重要手段。本文即从计划协调供应链库存 的几个模式展开，通过比较分析最终给出供应链管理 中库存计划协调机制的一般框架及其设计步骤。 企业要有效地缓解供需矛盾，尽可能均衡地保持 生产，甚至参与投机，都必须持有一定的库存。但是 库存常常掩盖生产经营过程中不确定的需求与预测、 不可靠的供应商、产品与服务的质量问题以及生产能 力不足等诸多问题，因此企业必须要尽力减少库存来 暴露上述潜在问题，从而提高企业的经营管理水平和 快速应变能力。供应链中存在的不确定性和由此造成 的“牛鞭Bullwhip”效应，增加了供应链体系中的整 体库存，给供应链中各节点企业带来了不必要的成本 1 负担。但是谁在这个链条中承担的负担更重呢？谁在 规划与管理链条中的各种存货呢？透过对供应链库存 管理的几种模式的比较分析，可以从中窥视出问题的 答案。 Abstract: The goal of optimizing supply chain mainly is to realize the minimization of the whole cost of supply chain operation. One important respect to obtain the minimized cost is that the enterprises at supply chain points must manage the stock of the supply chain effectively. Therefore, planning and coordinating the stock of the supply chain becomes important means to minimize the stock cost. This paper begins with several modes of planning and coordinating supply chain stock, finally provides general frame and design steps of stock planning and coordinating mechanism in the supply chain management through comparing and analyzing. If enterprises want to alleviate the imbalance between supply and demand, keep producing as balanced as possible, even participate in venture, they must hold certain stock.. But stock often conceals a great deal of problems in the course of production and management such as uncertain demand and prediction, quality