基于单片机的太阳光跟踪系统毕业论文.doc

摘 要 针对现代社会能源越来越匮乏的现状，以常规能源为基础的能源结构随着资源的不断耗用将愈来愈不适应可持续发展的需要，现研究出一种单轴太阳光跟踪系统，提出了检测光强法以实现太阳光自动跟踪系统，在此基础上，结合目前应用实际，采用单轴跟踪的方式，提高了系统的光电转换效率。此外，单轴跟踪系统的方法，在结构上简单，未降低系统的抗风能力，因此，具有较好的实用性和推广价值。本文主要研究了对太阳光进行跟踪的方法及原理，数据采集接收和驱动控制设备的硬软件设计。 在太阳光自动跟踪系统中，核心部件单片机通过预先计算的太阳位置进行跟踪，并通过光电传感器校正位置量可能出现的误差，该系统与模拟系统相比仅增加少量的低成本集成电路，具有精确度高，跟踪范围广，适应性好等特点，本文主要介绍单轴太阳光跟踪系统结构简单、成本低，不必人工干预，特别适合天气变化比较复杂和无人值守的情况。有效地提高太阳能的利用率，有效好的推广应用价值，缺点就是检测到的结果不是很精确，太阳能是已知最原始的能源，清洁，可再生，丰富和分布很广，具有广阔的前景。在太阳能的利用，如何提高太阳能设备的利用效率始终是使用太阳能过程中关注的话题，阳光跟踪的实施是必要的。 主要模块有电源模块、采集模块、电机模块、转换模块、显示模块。 关键词：单轴跟踪；单片机；光电转换效；步进电机 Abstract According to The status quo that increasingly lack of energy in modern society. Conventional energy-based energy structure with the continuous consumption of resources will become increasingly unsuited to the needs of sustainable development，is come up with a uniaxial too sun-tracking system to detect light intensity to sunlight automaticallytracking system. On this basis，combined with the actual application，the use of single-axis tracking to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the system. In addition，the single-axis tracking system，the structure is simple，not to reduce the wind resistance of the system， therefore，has good practicability and value. This paper studied the sunlight tracking methods and principles，data acquisition hardware and software design to receive and drive control device. Sunlight automatic tracking system，the core components of SCM to track through the pre-calculated position of the sun by the photoelectric sensor calibration position the amount of possible errors，the system compared with the simulation system is only a small amount of low-cost integrated circuits，with precisehigh，tracking a wide range，adaptive characteristics. This paper describes the single-axis sun tracking system is too simple structure, low cost, without human intervention, especially for changes in the weather is more complex and unattended. Effectively improve the utilization of solar ener