一种新型供暖方式.pdf

Atmospheric Research 46 1998 113–122 Energy saving characteristics of a new type of road-heating system N. Sugawara a, , K. Hokari a , T. Watanabe b , H. Sugawara c a Kitami Institute of Technology, Kitami, Hokkaido, Japan b Mitsubishi Cable Industries, Tokyo, Japan c System Supply, Kitami, Hokkaido, Japan Abstract In order to drive safely and smoothly in winter, there is a need to clear the snow and ice accumulated on steep slopes and at congested intersections. For this purpose a large number of road-heating systems are installed at such places. However the operating costs of electrical road-heating systems to melt snow on pavement are high compared to mechanical and chemical ways. Therefore the development of efficient electrical road-heating systems is needed. In this paper, we describe the energy saving characteristics of a new type of road-heating system electrical output of which is based on snowfall probabilities. This new type of road-heating system was tested on an actual road from December 1992 to March 1994 in winter. The energy consumption of this system was compared with those of present-day energy saving road-heating systems. 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. Keywords: Road-heating system; Snowfall probability; Energy saving; Monitoring system; Thawing 1. Introduction Since 1993, the use of tires studded with iron-pins studded-tires in winter has been restricted by law in Japan, because such tires scrape pavements and produce asphalt dust. Therefore, many people have to use tires without iron-pins studless-tires in winter. However, studless-tires are inferior to studded-tires in brakin