水稻基因组测序和分析的研究进展.docx

中国水稻科学(Chinese J 中国水稻科学(Chinese J Rice Sci)，2004，18(6)：557～562 557 水稻基因组测序和分析的研究进展 郭龙彪1，2 程式华1，+ 钱 前1，” (1中国水稻研究所水稻生物学国家重点实验室，浙江杭州310006；2浙江大学生命科学学院，浙江杭州310029；’通讯联系人，E—mail shcheng@mail．hz．zj．cn；qianqianl88@hotmail．corn) Highlights in Sequencing and Analysis of Rice Genome Guo Long-bia01一．CHENG Shi-hual一．QIAN Qianl，+ (1State Key ofRiceBiology，ChinaNationalRiceResearch Institute，Hangzhou310006，China；2College ofLi知Science，Zhe jiang University，Hangzhou 310029，China；+Corresponding author，E-mail：shcheng@mail．hz．巧．cn；qianqianl88@hotmail．corn) Abstract：A highlight of rice genome sequencing and its information were presented．Till 2002 tWO working drafts for rice subspecies indica and japonica genomes and high-quality draft for the japoniea had been produced．The initial sembly of the non-redundant reached 389．81—409．76 Mb and there around 32 000～56 000 genes．Less than 30％of them have been annotated．There is significant gradient in GC within gene．Exon sizes narrowly strained，but sizes be highly variable within and between organisms．The genome differences between indi— and japonica rice 22％．Nearly half of the predicted rice have obvious homologs with Arabidopsis although there is substantial homology with available expressed tags(ESTs)in other cereals．Genome sequencing only opened new for the 1ife research--genomics，but also promoted the development of other snbjects，such bioinformatics and proteomics． Key words：rice；genome sequencing；genomic information 摘要：综述了水稻基因组测序的工作进展和水稻基因组信息。至2002年，籼、粳稻两个亚种基因组工作“框架图”的 测定及粳稻基因组全长序列的精确测定已相继完成。初步得到了水稻非冗余序列389．81～409．76 Mb；预测水稻基因总数 达32 000～56 000个，少于30％的基因被功能分类；基因内GC含量梯度明显．夕}显子变异少、内含子变化大；籼稻和粳稻的 序列差异达22％以上；水稻与其他禾谷类基因之间有广泛的共线性，但与拟南芥的共线性是有限的。基因组测序不仅开辟 了基因组学这一生命科学的新兴学科，而且带动了生物信息学、蛋白质组学等一批新兴学科和技术的发展。 关键词：水稻；基因组测序；基因组信息 中图分类号：Q75；Q943；S511．01 文献标识码：A 文章编号：i001—7216(2004)06—0557—06 水稻(Oryza sativa L．)是最重要粮食作物之 序的路标，为小片段DNA测序和重叠群构建提供 一，也是世界1／2以上人口的主食，与其相关的遗传 了基础。 学和分子生物学研究一直倍受研究