高三英语动词的时态 --- 基本概念.docVIP

PAGE 一、高三英语动词的时态 基本概念 1. 一般现在时 例句1 You’re drinking too much. Only at home. No one ___ me but you. A. is seeing B. has seen C. sees D. saw 正确选项为C, 说话人此时指目前一个经常性的行为。 例句2 I bought a radio here yesterday, but it ______ work. A. didn’t B. doesn’t C. won’t D. can’t 正确选项为B, 说话人此时强调的不是动作发生的时间，而是东西的性质，即收音机的质量不好。 基本概念: 指经常性的行为或强调东西的特性，而忽略时间概念。 【特殊用法】 ① 主句为一般将来时，状语从句要用一般现在时（如强调动作的结果，可用现在完成时）。 例句1 I’ll tell him when he comes back. 2 We’ll go out if we are free tomorrow. 3 Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. 4. Please tell me as soon as you have finished it. (注意：主句是祈使句时，动作还没有发生，因此看成一般将来时。) ② 表示主语现在的特征或性格等。 例如：The bottle holds a quarter of a pound of ink. All over the world men and women, boys and girls, enjoy sports. ③ 表示客观事实或普遍真理。 例如：Light travels faster than sound. In time of danger man’s mind works fast. ④ 表示按规定预计要发生的动作（常只限于动词：go, come, leave, start, begin, return等）。 例如：School begins on February 5. The plane takes off at 15:00. 2. 一般将来时 基本形式: A. will (shall) do B. be going to do 两种形式有时可以互换，但： A 更强调纯粹的将来（有时也表意愿）； 例如：① You’ve left the light on. Oh, so I have. I’ll go and turn it off. ②Tomorrow will be Tom’s birthday. ③He will help you. B更强调计划安排(有时表示，根据现有迹象表明将来会发生的动作或存在的状态)。 ①Are you going to visit the Science Museum this afternoon? ②The moon is going to rise in a minute. ③He is going to be fat. 【其它可表将来时的形式】 1) 位移动词 ( come; go; leave; arrive, …) 的进行时 表计划或安排 * He’s arriving tomorrow. 2) be to do 表计划或安排 * We are to meet at the station at six tonight. 3) be about to do … “… 马上就要…” * The train is about to leave. be about to do … when… “ 正要… 突然…” * He was about to leave when the telephone rang. (此句为过去将来时。) 3. 一般过去时和现在完成时 以上两种时态是时态部分难点，首先，为什么要将这两种时态放在一起讨论？ 例句：1. Who put forward the suggestion? 2. When did he leave? 3. She often came to help us. （他过去常来帮我们。） 4. I didn’t know you were so busy. （我没想到你这么忙。） 以上各句中用的都是一般过去时，显然，说话的人是强调过去某时发生的动作或