高中英语短文改错常见改错类型总结.doc

英语改错 纵观近几年高考题中的短文改错，不难看出，其错误形式基本上为：错词占6行左右;正确占一行;多词和缺词一般占3行左右。错误类型主要涉及动词、名词、形容词、副词、冠词、代词、介词、连词、主谓一致、固定结构等语法知识。其中，动词时态、语态、非谓语动词等是考查重点。 　　1. 谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点，常见动词错误类型有 ①一般现在时与一般过去时错用;② and 前后动词时态不一致; ③主谓不一致; ④缺少动词,特别是be动词; ⑤第三人称单数形式错用; ⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。 　　They did not want me to do any work at home; they wantme to devote all my time to my studies.(did 改为do， 错误类型属于①) 　　As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visitingtemples and told stories. (visiting 改为 visited, 错误类型属于②) 　　There will an important game next month. (will后加be, 错误类型属于④) 　　One evening she told me that something happened whenher parents was out. ( was 改为were，错误类型属于③) 　　2. 名词的常见错误：单复数名词错用，可数名词与不可数名词错用。 　　I’ll get good marks in all my subject.(subject 改为subjects) 　　Their word were a greatencouragement to me.(word 改为words) 　　Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well.(knowledges改为knowledge) 　　3. 连词错误：连词包括关系代词、副词，并列连词and/ or/but等。关于连词，一般考查从句关系 who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。 　　I have a good friend who’s name is Liu Mei. (错用了who的所有格形式，改为whose) 　　I teach them, play with them, but watch them growingup. (此处应该是并列的关系而非转折，but改为 and) 　　Clever as she is, but she works very hard.(as意为“尽管”，不能再跟but连用，所以去掉but) 　　4. 冠词错误：误用a和an(根据单词的第一个音素来判定);误用a/an 和the(固定搭配，或泛指、特指;多冠词或少冠词) 　　We may be one family and live under a same roof. (a 改为the，the same 是固定搭配) 　　As everyone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kindsof pants. (mountain是可数名词需用冠词，所以其前加 a ) 　　I hope you have pleasant journey.(journey是可数名词，故have后加a) 　　5. 形容词和副词错误：系动词后用形容词(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词 smell /feel);词性的误用(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词、形容词)。 I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. (time是名词所以要用形容词wonderful修饰) 　　My pronunciation was terribly.(was后用形容词，terribly改为terrible.) 　　6. 代词错误：代词的主格和宾格(I / me; he/him; she/ her; we/ us they/ them )错误;反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用错误;代词的单数和复数使用错误;代词指代错误;多代词或少代词。 　　Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as Iwas learning to express me in simple Eng