课件：昆虫病原线虫.ppt

Encapsulated Steinernema feltiae (=bibionis) (斯氏属芜菁夜蛾线虫) juvenile dissected from Tipula (大蚊) obracea. (D. Gouge) Steinernema feltiae (=bibionis) mating. (D. Gouge) Spodoptera exigua (非洲贪夜蛾) pupa dissected to show Steinernema carpocapsae (小卷蛾斯氏线虫) juveniles. (A. Hara) Steinernema carpocapsae (小卷蛾斯氏线虫) infected juvenile in a typical resting mode in water. Note J shaped tail. (A. Hara) Commercial preparation of Steinernema carpocapsae in a wettable dispersible granule (WDG). (R. Georgis) Steinernema carpocapsae infected juvenile encapsulated in calcium alginate. Most nematodes are in the center of the alginate capsule. (H. Kaya) Cross section of a wettable dispersible granule (WDG) with steinernematid nematodes in the center. (R. Georgis) Diagram for production of wettable dispersible granules (WDG) containing entomopathogenic nematodes (e.g. steinernematids). (R. Georgis) 异小杆科 Heterorhabditidae 只有一属，异小杆属（Heterorhabditis) 经消化道和气孔进入虫体。 3-4天后雌雄同体的雌线虫产下幼虫，再过2天后幼虫发育成雌虫和雄虫交配后雌虫体内产卵，发育成第二期或侵染期线虫 携带共生细菌，寄主由于细菌存在而死亡 寄主：夜蛾科、象甲科、金龟科等 Galleria (蜡螟) larva infected with the nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophor (嗜菌异小杆线虫), demon-strating bioluminescence in the dark. (R. Stuart) Galleria larva infected with the nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophor in the light. Companion slide for Slide 187. (R. Stuart) Rosette of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (异小杆线虫). Common phenomenon observed when this nematode is stored in water where the nematodes aggregate around a particle. The aggregation can be dispersed by the addition of weak calcium carbonate. (B. Jaffee) Antibiotic production by Phase I Photorhabdus luminescens (异小杆线虫消化道内的一种发光杆菌) showing clear zone preventing the growth of Beauveria bassiana. The other plate overgrown with B. bassiana contained phase II of the bacterium. (M. Barbercheck) 四、昆虫病原线虫的特点 寄主范围广，寄生杀虫效果好，致死速度快，不产生抗药性 在土壤中有较好的生存能力、扩散能力 对害虫具有主动搜寻能力，特别是对土栖性及钻蛀性害虫 使用方便，对人、畜、环境安全 五、线虫杀虫剂的应用前景 1. 线虫的大量繁殖 首次人工培养，1931年 寄主昆虫活体培养 单菌半固体培养基培养 液体发酵罐培养 培养基：水、乳化剂、酵母、植物油、蛋白质 2. 线虫的质量 稳定