2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）真题及答案.pdf

2018 届管理类考研英语 （二） 2018考研英语 （二 ）真题试题及答案解析 Section UseofEnglish Ⅰ Directions: Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s) foreachnumberedblankandmark [A],[B], [C] or [D] ontheANSWER SHEET.(10points) Why dopeoplereadnegativeInternet commentsand dootherthingsthatwillobviouslybe painful?Becausehumanshavean inherentneedto 1uncertainty,accordingtoarecent study in Psychological Science.Thenewresearch revealsthattheneedtoknow isstrongthatpeoplewill2to satisfytheir curiosity even when it isclear theanswerwill 3 . In a seriesofexperiments,behavioral scientistsattheUniversity ofChicagoandtheWisconsin schoolofBusinesstested students’willingnessto4themselvestounpleasant stimuliin an effortto satisfy curiosity.For one5,eachparticipant wasshown apileofpensthattheresearcher claimed were from apreviousexperiment.Thetwist?Halfofthepenswould 6an electric shockwhen clicked. Twenty-seven studentsweretoldwithpenswereelectrified;another twenty-sevenweretold onlythat somewereelectrified.7left aloneintheroom.The studentswho didnotknowwhich oneswould shockthem clickedmorepensandincurredmore shocksthanthestudentswhoknew thatwould 8 .Subsequent experimentsreproducedthiseffectwith other stimuli,9the soundof fingernailson achalkboard andphotographsofdisgustinginsects. Thedriveto 10isdeeply rootedinhumans,muchthe sameasthebasicdrivesfor 11or shelter, saysChristopherHseeoftheUniversity ofChicago.Curiosity isoften considered agoodinstinct— it can 12new scientificadvances,for instance—but sometimessuch 13canbackfire.Theinsight that curiosity can driveyou todo 14thingsisaprofound one. Unhealthy curiosity ispossibleto 15,however.In afinal experiment,participantswhowere encouragedto 16how theywouldfeel after viewinganunpleasantpicturewere lesslikelyto 17to see such an image.Theseresultssuggesttha