浅析自由贸易与保障措施.doc

浅析自由贸易与保障措施 ANALYSIS?OF?FREE?TRADE?AND? SAFEGUARD?MEASURE 专 业： 国际经济与贸易 姓 名： 王晓蕾 指 导 教 师： 申请学位级别： 学 士 论文提交日期： 2014年6月1日 学位授予单位： 天津科技大学 摘 要 世界贸易组织（WTO），以促进全球贸易和投资自由化、增进世界各国经济交往和世界人民的福利为目标，通过削减和限制关税、非关税壁垒为手段，来创造一个世界范围内商品和服务自由流通的世界贸易环境。经过几十年的努力，在贸易和投资自由化方面取得了很大的进展，给世界各国带来了实惠。然而自由贸易是要付出代价的，因此在建立多边贸易体制的开始，在贸易救济方面就设计了两类可用来控制进口的手段：一是针对不公平贸易的反倾销税和反补贴税；二是在公平竞争条件下的保障措施。保障措施又被称为推行自由贸易长期战略的“安全阀”，即在紧急情况下可以用它来抑制进口，缓解国内产业的压力。因此，了解自由贸易并准确解读和利用保障措施现有的规则，对我国而言十分必要。 作为WTO成员国，准确解读自由贸易及其保障措施十分重要，既有利于我国进一步开放市场，更好的融入世界经济一体化中，也有利于我国充分利用保障措施的相关规则，更好的保护本国产业的发展。对于WTO准则中，自由贸易和保障措施等法律法规的研究应该更彻底和深刻，使我国的对外贸易稳健发展、统一和谐，使我国保障措施的实行和制定有更好的依据和建议，从而促进整个国民经济的运行。 关键词：自由贸易； 保障措施； 世界经济一体化 ABSTRACT World Trade Organization (WTO) is established to promote global trade and investment liberalization, and enhance world economic exchanges and the welfare of people in the world. It takes the reduction and limitation of tariffs and non-tariff barriers as means to create a world trade environment in which goods and services can be circulated freely all over the world. After years of effort, great progress has been achieved in the freedom of trade and investment liberalization, bringing benefits to many countries in the world. However, free trade costs high. Therefore, at the beginning of the establishment of the multilateral trading system, two kinds of measures were designed to control imports in terms of trade remedy: one is the antidumping duty and countervailing duty that are developed against unfair trade; the other is safeguard measures under fair conditions of competition. Safeguard measures are also known as the safety valve of the long-term strategy for the implementation of free trade, i.e. they can be used to discourage imports in case of emergency, and ease pressure from domestic industry. Therefore, it is essential to have an accurate understanding and interpretation of free trade and utilize existing rules of safeguard measures after Chinas entry into WTO. As