基于无线传感器网络的铁路溜车自动检测系统-集成电路设计专业论文.docxVIP

哈尔滨工业大学工程硕士学位论文 哈尔滨工业大学工程硕士学位论文 - - I - 摘要 铁路货场溜车隐患已经成为危害铁路安全的重要问题。论文通过从理论 到实践的分析与设计，给出了一套铁路货场防溜车的系统设计。 论文首先对方案进行了论证。通过对比各种车轮检测方法和有线方案以 及无线方案的优劣，最终确定了采用磁检测结合无线传感器网络的方法。 接着对该方法进行了具体论证和设计。对磁传感器的设计首先对实地情 况进行建模并使用 Maxwell 软件分析了磁场和传感器的安装方式以及工作 原理，并给出了磁传感器的设计方案。并且进行了现场验证，得到了满意的 效果。 之后，对射频收发电路进行了设计。首先确定了设计原则，根据设计原 则对各部分芯片进行了选择。选定芯片之后对电路板各部分进行了设计，如 供电的设计，电磁兼容，信号完整性的考虑等。最后加工出样品，工作稳定 性能良好，验证了设计方案。 除此之外还对屏蔽壳进行了仿真和设计。根据设计需要对选择了合适的 屏蔽壳材料。通过 HFSS 对屏蔽壳进行了电场屏蔽和电磁场屏蔽仿真和分 析，并计算了相关数据。最后在实践中证实了该屏蔽壳的屏蔽效果。 最终整个系统工作稳定无误，通过了相关验收。验证了论文所设计的防 溜车系统的合理性。 关键词 电磁屏蔽；磁场分析；射频模块 - - II - Abstract The hidden dangers of railway freight cars slip has become an important safety issue against Railway. This papers passed from theory to practice analysis and design, gives a systems design of a rail freight yard anti-running vehicle . First, the plan is demonstrated . By comparing the various method of wheels detection, cable and wireless programs , ultimately used to determine the magnetic detection combining wireless sensor network. Then the methods were demonstrated and designed . On the design of magnetic sensors, first of modeling on the spot and analysis software using Maxwell which analysises the magnetic field sensor and the installation work, further more gives a magnetic sensor design for on the spot verification. It has been satisfied with the results. It is the time of designing the RF transceiver circuit . First set of design principles, based on the design principle of the right of choice of chips. the circuit board for all parts of the design after chip selected, considering such as design of power supply , electromagnetic compatibility, signal integrity . Finally the manufacture is machined which is good performance stability and the design has been certificated. In addition to making simulation and design to shield shell. According to the design need to choose a suitable shell shielding materials. Useing HFSS, we made simulation and analysis for the shell of shielding electric and electro