Kalman滤波在温度测量中的应用.doc

数字信号处理 课程报告 题 目：Kalman滤波在温度测量中的应用 院 系： xxxxxxxxxxxxx学院 专 业： xxxxxxxxxxxxxx 学生姓名： xxxxxxxx 学 号： xxxxxxxxx 摘 要 在许多工程实践中，往往不能 直接得到所需要的状态量的真实值例。例如，平时用温度计测量房间温度时，可直接用温度计测得当前的温度，但是在测温过程中会受到各方面因素的影响，使温度会小幅度地波动。假设测量温度时，外界的天气是多云，阳光照射时有时无，同时房间不是100%密封的，可能有微小的与外界空气的交换，导致在测得的温度中往往夹杂有随机噪声。Kalman滤波器就是这种能有效降低噪声影响的利器。在线性系统中，Kalman滤波是最优滤波器。随着计算机技术的发展，Kalman滤波的计算要求与复杂性已不再成为其应用的障碍，它越来越受到人们的青睐。目前Kalman滤波理论已经广泛应用在国防、军事、跟踪、制导等许多高科技领域。 关键词：Kalman滤波； 滤波器； 随机噪声； 测量； 温度 ABSTRACT In many engineering practice, the real value of the required amount of state can not be obtained directly. For example, when the room temperature is measured by a thermometer, the temperature can be measured directly with the thermometer, but the temperature will be affected by various factors. If the measurement temperature, the outside weather is cloudy, sometimes when the sun exposure, while the room is not 100% sealed, there may be a small exchange with the outside air, resulting in the measured temperature is often mixed with random noise. Kalman filter is a tool which can effectively reduce the impact of noise. In the linear system, the Kalman filter is the optimal filter. With the development of computer technology, the computational requirements and complexity of Kalman filtering are no longer a barrier to its application. At present, the theory of Kalman filter has been widely used in many high technology fields, such as defense, military, tracking, guidance and so on. Keywords: Kalman filter; filter; random noise; measurement; temperature 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc436151349 第一章 绪论 PAGEREF _Toc436151349 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc436151350 1.1 Kalman滤波的产生 PAGEREF _Toc436151350 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc436151351 1.2 Kalman滤波原理 PAGEREF _Toc436151351 \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc436151352 1.3 Kalman滤波的特点及其应用 PAGEREF _Toc436151352 \h 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc436151353