寒地水稻株型性状遗传变异的研究-作物遗传育种专业论文.docxVIP

攘要摘要 攘要 摘要 本试验对松5186与东农423杂交的艏代株型的十六个性状进行了遗传力、遗传变辨 度、楣关通径等分析，明确各主要性状的遗传力及遗传进度，探明各主要性状的遗传规 律，充分挖掘不露撩羹籍健懿遗传模式，为有效翻耀帮遴一步选择彀蹇提供臻论基穑鞠 依据。研究表明： 1．F”F，代性状变异较大，多集中在每穗实粒数、瘪粒数和弯曲嶷等性状上，利用送 死耪蛙状霹鞋选择熊实率离静君健耱辩。 2 不同穗型厝代的性状同世代变异趋势相似，世代间差异较大，每穗实粒数和瘪粒数 变异一直保持较高趋势，可以在高世代选择：囊异系数小的性状，可以在低世代避 孬选释，鞠其交吴薄弱窄，栎准虿戳拔宽。 3．遗传力分析可以看出各性状的遗传力较大的为：千粒重、穗长、穗数、二次枝梗襄 粒、一次枝梗数、单株穗重、二次枝梗数，可以在低世代进行有效地选择。 4。嚣链状据瓣遗传避发簿努辑褥出：弯麴痘、穗数、穗长、手粒熏器一次棱援数懿翱 对遗传进度较大，W在早期世代选择；其它备指标因其相对遗传进度较低，宜在晚 期世代进行选择。 5，藏主要农藏蛙装瑟蠢，杂交骺戎洼状瓣变异壤发较大，瞧摇冬季孛撩型静表疆鍪，基 裔较广泛的遗传交弊性。 6．本试验的相关和通径分折表明：通过增加穗长，提高一次枝梗数，提高二次枝梗安 粒数，玖犬穗鬟裹攀撩产墓楚萄抒鳇。 7．本试验结聚表明：株高较矮。穗重和獭长较大，一次棱粳多、=次枝梗较少、穗弯 曲大、剑叶较长，形成“叶下禾”的弯曲穗型产量比较搿，为较适宜寒地的理想株 壑，瞧应该适当匏蟋撞。 关键词：株型；产量：遗传力：遗传进度；遗传变辩 V 东北农业大攀农学硕士论文Genefie 东北农业大攀农学硕士论文 Genefie Analysis Of Rice Quanlity Varia耄ion of Plant Yype In Cold Region Abtract Sixteen quantity traits ofplant type were studied in the Cross generation between Song 5 l 86 and Dongnong 423，the Objective ofthis study Was to determine genetic variability and genetic course ofthis quanlity，and contribute稻the expresstion ofgenetic dicipline，and find the genetic model of Cross generation．This population could improved and exploited more effectively based on this analysis． 1。Quantity variation of毪and民generation Was high which focused on panicle length， grains per panicle，curve degreen of panicle．These quantities were generally used to chose big panicle to increase the percentage ofripened grain 2+In the generation of diffirent panicle typet there is the resemble variation current in the saln,e generation and diffireut between generation．But the grains per panMe has a persistent hish current，it could be chosed after F2，and the low quantities be chosed in F2． 3，Accoding tO the analysis of heritability,thwe characters of 1000-grain weight,panicle length,panicle number,grain ofsecond ranchis-brancbes，primary ranchis*branches，wight per plant,second ranchis-brancheswere higher,these could be chosed in low generation． 4．To the analysis of relative genetic advancement,the characte