光纤布拉格光栅的金属化及其焊接封装的智能金属结构-材料加工工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 万方数据 万方数据 摘 要 光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）传感器体积小、重量轻、结构简单，可实现分布式， 实时在线，永久监测，广泛应用于各个领域。金属化光纤布拉格光栅传感器具 有高耐温性，可焊性，将光纤光栅传感器通过金属化和焊接的方法封装在金属 基体材料和结构中制成光纤光栅智能金属结构，可实现结构内部应变、温度的 自我检测，实时监控。本文主要内容如下： 1). 在光纤光栅表面化学镀 Cu、化学镀 Ni-P、化学镀 Ni-Zn-P。化学镀 Cu 能够获得晶态纯铜镀层；Ni-P 镀层是含镍 81%的 Ni-P 合金非晶结构镀层；化学 镀 Ni-Zn-P 镀层为含 Zn6.3%的非晶 Ni-Zn-P 合金镀层。化学镀 Cu、Ni-P、Ni-Zn-P 的光纤光栅温度传感灵敏度与裸光栅相比分别提升了 1.44 倍、1.22 倍、1.19 倍。 2). 研究了化学镀光纤电镀锌工艺，以硫酸锌 250g/L，氯化铵 15g/L，硼酸 30g/L，适量的十二烷基硫酸钠配成的酸性硫酸锌镀液可在光纤光栅表面获得光 亮的晶态纯锌镀层。电镀锌光栅温度传感灵敏度与裸光栅相比提升了 5 倍以上。 通过温度传感稳定性试验表明电镀锌光栅作为温度传感器在常温下使用要优于 裸光栅。 3). 采用激光焊接的方式将金属化光纤光栅嵌到不锈钢板，制成智能金属结 构；设计并制作了固定不锈钢板的支架，组合成固端梁和悬臂梁。使用电镀锌 金属化的光纤光栅进行温度补偿，在恒温环境和变温环境下对两种梁进行应变 传感测试，结果显示不锈钢板的智能金属结构应变与嵌入的光纤光栅波长具有 良好的线性关系。 关键词：光纤光栅; 智能金属结构; 金属化; 激光焊 I Abstract ABSTRACT Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) has a potential to be widely used in engineering for its small size, light weight, simple structure and monitoring ability of realizing distribute, real-time and permanent. Metallized FBG has the ability of high temperature resistance and weldability. Optical fiber smart metal structure can be achieved after embedding FBG into the metal matrix and structure by means of metallization and welding methods. Optical fiber smart metal structure keeps the ability of real-time monitoring for the internal strain and temperature. The main contents in this study are as follows: 1). Electroless plating of Cu, Ni-P and Ni-Zn-P on the surface of FBG were investigated. The coating contents of FBG were pure crystalline copper, amorphous Ni-P alloy with 81% of nickel with and amorphous Ni-Zn-P alloy with 6.3% of zinc, respectively. The temperature sensitivities of FBG after electroless Cu, Ni-P and Ni-Zn-P were enhanced 1.44, 1.22 and 1.19 times than that of the naked FBG, respectively. 2). The process of electroless plating and electroplating zinc for FBG was studied. The bright coating of pure crystalline zinc was obtained after electroless Zinc plating in the acidic zinc sulfate solution with the process parameters of sulfate 250 g/