固体酸催化地沟油制备生物柴油研究-化工过程机械专业论文.docxVIP

ABSTRACT Biodiesel has received more and more attention because it has renewable and environment-friendly advantages. Although biodiesel has been commercialized in many countries, the cost of biodiesel is still high in China. The identified limitations in the commercialization of biodiesel production are its complex materials and the high manufacturing cost. In this study, biodiesel was made from waste cooking oil (WCO) in a simple continuous fixed bed reactor of biodiesel by solid acid catalyst. In this study, the properties of WCO were investigated first. The results were: the content of (free fatty acids) FFA was 57.4%, the acid value was 108.819 mg/g and the content of moisture and volatile matter was 1.19%. That means this material is not suitable for alkali biodiesel. The content and distribution of the free fatty acids in the WCO were also analyzed and from the results we could speculate this material could produce qualified biodiesel. Then NKC-9 ion-exchange resin and H-beta zeolite were selected as heterogeneous catalyst and their esterification characteristics have been compared. NKC-9 resin showed higher activity and achieved a higher final conversion compared with H-beta zeolite in the same reaction conditions. And the conversion reached 67% at the optimized reaction conditions (reaction temperature of 80℃, molar ratio of 3:1, the catalyst amount of 15 wt% and reaction time of 6h) by orthogonal experiment. And from the reusability experiments it can be found that H-beta has better stability while NKC-9 resin still has higher activity (57.4%) after 5 runs. The study also investigated the effect of FFA content in the oil on the esterification conversion by NKC-9 resin. The result shows that the conversion decreased with the increase in FFA content. And the conversion rate (36.2%) is the lowest with the FFA content of 71.3%. Based on the results above, a simple continuous fixed bed reactor（Ф 30× 600mm）of biodiesel was set up, which put the NKC-9 ion-excha