光伏系统运行状态控制方法研究-电力系统及其自动化专业论文.docxVIP

摘要 摘 要 I I 摘 要 随着传统能源的供应紧缺和自然环境的逐步恶化，太阳能这一清洁可再生能源 得到越来越多的重视和发展。因为外界环境的变化会直接影响光伏系统发出的有功 功率，造成接入电压波动，所以为实现稳定并网运行、提高电能质量、参与电网调 度，光伏系统需要采用储能技术。本文以安装混合储能的光伏系统为研究背景，对 系统运行的协调控制方法进行了深入的分析和研究。 首先，研究了无储能光伏系统的运行状态控制方法。在分析光伏电池输出特性 后，设计了光伏电源的最大功率跟踪控制和直流母线电压稳定控制；在建立并网逆 变器的数学模型基础上，设计了其并网控制方法；并对无储能光伏系统进行了仿真 分析。 然后，针对无储能光伏系统并网后对电网的不利影响，采用混合储能系统进行 调控，根据不同储能器件的储能特性，选择蓄电池和超级电容器构成混合储能系统。 在确定了混合储能系统接入光伏系统的形式后，建立了 DC/DC 变换器的数学模型， 提出并设计了分布式控制方法和集中式控制方法，就两种控制方法的调控效果进行 了仿真对比分析。 最后，建立并分析了基于混合储能的光伏系统集中式调控结构，将其运行状态 分为：平滑出力并网运行和按照调度并网运行，针对两种运行状态分别进行了控制 策略的设计。并利用 MATLAB/Simulink 搭建了光伏系统的仿真模型，验证了系统 集中式协调控制策略的有效性。 关键词：光伏系统；混合储能；运行状态；协调控制；调度并网 II II Abstract With shortage of the traditional energy and deterioration of the environment, solar energy which is clean and renewable is paid more and more attention. Because the changes of environment will directly affect the active power of photovoltaic system and cause voltage fluctuation, therefore to realize stable operation, improve the quality of electric energy and participate in scheduling, photovoltaic system needs to use the energy storage technology. In this paper, based on research of photovoltaic system which is installed hybrid energy storage, coordinated control method of the system is analyzed and studied in detail. Firstly, the control method of operating state in photovoltaic system without energy storage was studied. After analyzing the output characteristics of photovoltaic arrays, maximum power tracking control and DC bus voltage stability control of photovoltaic system were designed. And based on the mathematical model of grid connected inverter, its control method was also designed. Then, after analyzing simulation of photovoltaic system without energy storage, hybrid energy storage system which was composed of battery and super capacitor was adopted for coordinated control against the adverse effects of photovoltaic system on the grid. In determining the connection of hybrid energy storage system, the mathematical model of DC/DC conv