锅炉经济性运行指导系统研究-工业工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 I I 摘 要 实现锅炉的高效经济运行，对降低能耗提高电厂的经济效益，提高我国能源利 用率都具有重大意义。因此，有必要对锅炉的运行情况进行有效的经济性分析，使 锅炉机组的整体运行情况得到及时、准确的反映。而人工神经网络和专家系统技术， 可解决电力系统中一些难于求解的、复杂的问题。因此，建立基于经济性分析的专 家系统，成为实现锅炉机组的安全、经济运行的有效手段。 本文通过对国内外电站锅炉运行、管理的现状及其现有问题的研究，在提高锅 炉运行经济 性方面做了两部分工 作：一部分运用神经 网络建立了锅炉效率 监测模 型，以影响锅炉效率的因素为输入变量，以锅炉效率为输出变量，用电厂采集的数 据样本进行训练，此模型不同于传统的锅炉效率的正平衡或反平衡计算方法，并不 需要采集大量的参数信息即可得到锅炉效率；另一部分建立了分析锅炉一些重要可 控参数——排烟温度、主蒸汽温度、再热蒸汽温度偏离正常值原因的诊断专家系统， 该系统将模糊引入神经网络，其知识库知识采用神经网络知识表示和产生式规则知 识表示方法，推理机由神经网络推理和专家规则推理两部分组成，推理机制采用正 向推理机制。利用三种算法训练系统网络，通过测试样本测试对比，得到适合本系 统的网络训练算法。通过实例测试，网络能准确地定位排烟温度偏高、主蒸汽温度 和再热蒸汽温度偏低的原因。并通过用 Delphi 和 Matlab 两种语言开发锅炉经济性 运行指导系统，不但具有良好的人机操作界面和可扩充性，并具有复杂算法的计算 能力。 关键词：锅炉；经济性运行；神经网络；专家系统 II II Abstract It is very important to realize the optimization operation of the thermal power unit, which could decrease the energy cost and increase the utilization coefficient of energy in our country. Economy analysis to the running situation of the boiler is favorable to achieving the safety, reliability, economy operation of power unit. The complicated problems which usually are difficult could be solved by neural network and expert system technology. With the building of expert system based on economy analysis, the safty and reliability of boil system operation could be realized. In this paper, with the studies of present condition of boiler operation, management and the problems, the research work was mainly focused on the following two aspects: Firstly, neural networks had been used to build the boiler efficiency monitor model, the input of the model was the factor which affect the boiler efficiency and the output was boiler efficiency, data collected from the field have been used to train the model parameter. This model was different form the normal direct-method indirect-method of heat balance, and the value of boil efficiency could be attained without collecting a lot of boiler running parameters, Secondly, an expert system was established, which could analyze deviation reasons of the main para