过度自信对外显和内隐学习条件下二语词汇学习图优效应影响-基础心理学专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 I I 摘 要 已有研究证实了在二语词汇学习中存在图优效应，可新近的研究发现，被试的信心 水平会影响图优效应。盲目的高自信水平并没有给记忆效果带来好处。可是，已有的研 究只探讨了线索回忆条件下的外显记忆中的图优效应问题。然而内隐记忆与外显记忆在 机制和特点上存在诸多区别，那么过度的自信水平是否会向影响外显记忆一样影响内隐 记忆，这是待考察的问题。另外，前人研究是以英语等字母文字为基础的，韩语等文字 在拼写形式上具有更强的图形化特点，图优效应在东方语言的学习中是否一致也需要进 一步考察。本研究根据这些待解决的问题设计了两个实验。实验一，解决图优效应在外 显和内隐记忆中是否都存在，以及是否存在过度自信的情况。如果有过度自信，实验二 通过指导语消除过度自信，以探讨过度自信对图优效应的影响，并对比这种影响在外显 和内隐两种记忆形式中是否有所区别。结果发现: （1）第二语言词汇学习中的图优效应会受到学习者自信水平的影响。过度的自信 会导致图优效应消失。 （2）通过警示语消除了过度自信后，图片结合词汇的学习方式明显优于文字对译 的学习方式，出现图优效应。自信水平能够正向预测记忆成绩。 （3）图优效应更多地出现在内隐记忆任务中。 整个研究表明过度自信在一定程度上会掩蔽图优效应。 关键词 图优效应 过度自信 外显记忆 内隐记忆 Abstract Abstract II II Abstract Previous studies have confirmed that the picture superiority effect in the learning of second language vocabulary, but recent studies have found that the confidence level of participants will impact this effect. Blind confidence is not good for memory. Moreover, previous studies merely investigated the picture superiority effect of explicit memory under explicit cues. However, there are many difference between implicit memory and explicit memory in the mechanism and characteristics, so it is an issue whether the overconfidence level will affect the explicit memory as impact implicit memory. Additionally, previous studies is based on the English alphabet, whereas, Korean characters has a more graphical feature in spelling form, thus we need to explore whether picture superiority effect in Oriental language learning is the similar. The present study design two experiments according to these problems to be resolved. Experiment 1 aims to explore whether picture superiority effect will both display in explicit and implicit memory, and whether there is overconfidence to impact picture superiority effect. If participants showed overconfidence, experiment 2 is to eliminate the overconfidence by instruction and reveal the influence of overconfidence on picture superiority effect, and discover the difference of influence between explicit and implicit memory. The results showed that