课件：腹部概述、腹前外侧壁解剖.ppt

January, 2007 Copyright? Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG 腹直肌鞘后层在脐下4-5cm处缺如，而形成一凹向下方的弓形线，称弓状线或半环线。 弓状线 January, 2007 Copyright? Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG 腹白线：由两侧腹直肌鞘纤维腹前正中线上彼此交织而成。厚而坚韧，血管少。 腹白线 腹白线 January, 2007 Copyright? Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG 腹股沟管：是位于腹股韧带内侧半上方约1.5cm处由肌和筋膜形成的潜在性裂隙，长约4~5cm。男性有精索、女性有子宫圆韧带通过。是腹前外侧壁的薄弱部位，有两口四壁。 精索 腹股沟管 January, 2007 Copyright? Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG 腹股沟管二口： 外口（皮下环）：来自腹外斜肌腱膜。 内口（腹环）：来自腹横筋膜。 January, 2007 Copyright? Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG 前壁：是腹外斜肌腱膜和腹内斜肌。 后壁：是腹横筋膜和腹股沟镰。 下壁：是腹股沟韧带 上壁：是腹内斜肌和腹横肌的弓状下缘。 January, 2007 Copyright? Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG 凡器官或结构从先天或后天形成的裂口或薄弱区脱出者，称为疝。器官或结构从腹股沟管突出为腹股沟斜疝，脏器包在精索的3层被膜内。 January, 2007 Copyright? Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG 腹股沟三角(hesselbach三角):腹直肌外侧缘，腹股沟韧带和腹壁下动脉围成的三角区。 如腹腔内容经海氏三角处膨出，则为腹股沟直疝，疝囊在精索被膜之外。 腹股沟韧带 腹股沟管深环 腹直肌 腹壁下动脉 精索 股静脉 股动脉 January, 2007 Copyright? Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG 以腹壁下动脉为标志，脏器经腹壁下动脉的外侧（深环）突出者为斜疝。脏器经腹壁下动脉的内侧（直疝三角）突出者为直疝。 January, 2007 Copyright? Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG 睾丸下降与腹膜的位置关系 睾丸下降至腹股沟管腹环时，向前推顶腹膜壁层形成腹膜鞘突。睾丸降入阴囊以后，包绕睾丸表面的腹膜鞘突，形成睾丸固有鞘膜，鞘突的其余部分则闭锁形成鞘韧带。睾丸下降后，如腹膜鞘突未闭，仍与腹膜腔相通，则可形成先天性腹股沟斜疝或交通性鞘膜积液。 鞘韧带 January, 2007 Copyright? Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG 1.经腹白线切口、腹直肌切口、阑尾手术切口分别经过的层次。 2. Camper筋膜 、 Scarpa筋膜 3.腹直肌鞘、Hessebach三角 4.试述腹股沟管的解