单片机控制的高压开关电源设计.doc

单片机控制的高压开关电源设计 摘 要 高压电源在日常的生产、生活中有着广泛的应用，尤其在军事、医疗、射线 类探测器和静电喷涂等技术领域。传统的高压电源多采用线性技术，这种结构形 式造成电源变换效率低，体积大，重量沉，操作维修不方便。随着电源技术的发 展，人们对高压电源的智能化程度、转换效率和带负载能力提出了更高的要求。 智能化开关电源以线性电源无法比拟的特点和优点己经成为电源行业的主流形 式。该技术的应用使高压电源变得体积小、重量轻、效率高、智能化更强。 本论文研究工作针对 X 射线荧光分析装置对供电高压电源在效率、体积和 智能控制等方面的要求，研制了一种以单片机和脉宽调制（PMW）技术为基础 的高压电源。该电源由 STC89C51 单片机控制脉宽调制芯片 TL494，采用单端式 推动，经变压器和倍压整流升压，输出 0~50kV 连续可调电压。该电源采用数字 调节、闭环实时监控、模数电路相互配合，具有通用性强、输出范围宽、稳压精 度高、控制性能优良等特点。 关键词：单片机，开关电源，TL494，高压电源 I Design of the high-voltage switching mode-power supply based on SCM Abstract High-voltage power supply is applied broadly in daily life and production, especially used in military, medical, class-ray detector and electrostatic spraying. Tradltional high-voltage power supply mainly adaopts technology of linear power spuply such type of structure makes the whole effieieney of power supply below, large, heavy and operation and maintenance which is not convenient.with the developoment and advancement of power supply technology, the intelligent level, conversion efficiency and load capacity is higher requirements for the high-voltage power supply. Intelligent switching power supply has become the mainstream form. of the power industry with the unmatched features and advantages. Application of the technology has made the hgh voltage power to become the small size, light weight, high efficiency and more intelligent. With the requirements of the efficiency, volume size and intelligent control of the power supply for the x-ray fluorescence analysis, a high-voltage power supply based on the technique of SCM and PWM has been developed. It uses STC89C51 SCM to control TL494, adopts single ended type promote, and puts out changeable voltage after it boosted by a transformer and voltage multiplying rectifier. The power adopts digital regulation and closed loop real-time monitoring to cooperated with a analog circuit, and the power has advantages of strong generality, wide output range, high stable voltage accuracy, excellent c