压力容器的焊接工艺设计.doc

摘要 洛阳理工学院毕业设计 PAGE IV PAGE 33 压力容器的焊接工艺设计 摘 要 众所周知，压力容器是在石油化学工业、能源工业、科研和军工等国民经济的各个部门都起着重要作用的设备。而由于密封、承压及介质等原因，容易发生爆炸、燃烧起火而危及人员、设备和财产的安全及污染环境的事故，因此世界各国均将其列为重要的监检产品，由国家指定的专门机构，按照国家规定的法规和标准实施监督检查和技术检验。同样的，对于它的生产要求也不能放松。焊接作为压力容器生产的主要环节，可谓是重中之重。 手工电弧焊机比较简单，主要组成部分为电源和焊钳，使用方便灵活。手工电弧焊的应用虽因气体保护电弧焊和其他高效焊接方法的发展而有所减少，但仍然是各个工业部门常用的焊接方法。本文就手工电弧焊在压力容器焊接过程中的工艺，以锅炉的分气缸为例进行设计，并对容易发生的几种缺陷进行研究，找出杜绝方法。 关键词：压力容器，手工电弧焊，工艺，焊接缺陷 THE WELDING PROCESS DESIGN OF PRESSURE VESSEL ABSTRACT It is well known, the pressure vessel is in national economy and so on photochemistry industry, energy industry, scientific research and war industry each departments is having the influential role equipment. But because seals, reasons and so on bearing pressure and medium, easy to have the detonation, the combustion to be on fire endangers the personnel, the equipment and the property safety and the pollution of the environment accident, therefore various countries list as it the important jail to examine the product, assigns the Specialized agency by the country, according to national stipulation laws and regulations and standard implementation control inspection and technical examination. Similarly, cannot relax regarding its production request. Welding key link which produces as the pressure vessel, it may be said that is the most important. Manual arc welding machine is simple, the main components for power and soldering tweezers and easy to use. Though the manual electric arc applied electric arc welding and gas protection for the development of other high-effective welding method and decreased, but is still all industrial department of welding methods used for many varieties, small batch of the economy, in many installation welding and welding repair for other welding methods are not replaced. But the welder operation manual arc welding technology level of quality, therefore must undergo strict training, welder welding work in this can be. KEY WORDS: Pressure vessel, Manual Arc Welding, Craft, W