小学教师职业倦怠调查研究外文翻译.doc

富阳市小学教师职业倦怠调查研究——以四所小学为例 浙江理工大学科技与艺术学院本科毕业论文 PAGE 2 PAGE 1 小学教师职业倦怠调查研究外文翻译 原文1 A study on primary school teacher teacher burnout levels ……… Definition The most commonly accepted definition of burnout is the three dimensional one by Maslach et al. (1986). According to this, bumout is a three dimensional term which includes the emotional exhaustion, apathy and decrease in personal success which is often seen in people who work face to face with others (Maslach and Jackson, 1986; Qtd. In Aksoy, 2007,8). What is important here is that bumout is a continuous variable and that individuals should not be classified as all or nothing (Girgin and Baysal, 2005,4). Studies have shown that burnout is an individual concept, contains a negative emotional experience and is based on a chronic uninterrupted emotion. It is differentto a transient feeling of tiredness which disappears after a time. Possible to appear at different stages of work life, burnout has the characteristics of a continuous negative emotional reaction (Shirom, 1989; Qtd. in Vizh, 2005, 11). Burnout is a stress equation and an invasive process. It has been related to peoples expectations and usually emerges as a result of a big mismatch between unrealistic expectations and real life (Tiimkaya,1996,11). In professions with intense face to face human relations, such as the medical profession, teaching and management, burnout is more frequent due to the nature of the work (Schwab Iwanicki, 1982; Qtd. in Vizh, 2005,12). Teacher burnout is an example of a negative reaction against stressful instructional conditions, students, and lack of administrative support (Seidman and Zager, 1986-197; Qtd. In Tümkaya, 1996,27). Farber (1984) maintains that burnout results from discipline problems, student apathy, crowded classrooms, compulsory appointments, role conflict and criticism of teachers (Qtd. In Altay, 2007, 33). The emergence and spread of te