奥氏体不锈钢的焊接.doc

奥氏体不锈钢的焊接 奥氏体不锈钢的焊接 2011年04月16日 　　毕业设计（论文） 　　题 目 奥氏体不锈钢的焊 　　系（部） 机械工程系 　　专 业 焊接技术及自动化 　　指导教师 陈玲 　　作 者 杜震宇 　　完成日期 2011.4.5 　　 前 言 　　 不锈钢指耐空气、蒸汽、水等弱腐蚀介质和酸、碱、盐等化学浸蚀性介质腐蚀的钢，是20世纪初材料领域最伟大的发明之一。不锈钢工业化生产自1912年由克虏伯公司开始至今已有近百年的历史，是一种重要的工程材料，已经被广泛用于各种工业和环境的结构中去。近年来，中国不锈钢的生产和消费迅速的发展，不锈钢的表观消费量由1990年的26万吨增长到2009年近千万吨，成为世界上备受关注的不锈钢第一消费大国。 　　奥氏体不锈钢，含铬大于18％，还含有 8％左右的镍及少量钼、钛、氮等元素。综合性能好，可耐多种介质腐蚀。是不锈钢中最为重要的钢类，其生产量和使用量约占不锈钢总量的70%。 　　奥氏体不锈钢的综合焊接性能良好，但在焊接过程中由于设备、材料、工艺、及操作等原因，会形成一定的焊接缺陷，使焊件质量达不到要求，影响工作质量及使用寿命。 　　Foreword 　　Stainless steel refers to the resistance of air, steam, water and other corrosive medium and weak acid, alkali, salt and other chemical attack by corrosion of the steel media, is the early 20th century materials, one of the greatest invention in the field. Stainless steel industrial production since 1912 started by the Krupp has been nearly a hundred years of history, is an important engineering material, has been widely used in various industrial and environmental fabric. In recent years, Chinas stainless steel production and consumption of rapid development, the apparent consumption of stainless steel in 1990 to 26 million tons to nearly a thousand tons in 2009 to become the worlds first concern of stainless steel consumption country. 　　Austenitic stainless steel, chromium greater than 18%, it also contains 8% nickel and a small amount of molybdenum, titanium, nitrogen and other elements. Comprehensive performance, and can be resistant to a variety of media corrosion. Is the most important steel stainless steel type, its production and use of stainless steel accounts for about 70% of the total. 　　Integrated stainless steel welding performance is good, but in the welding process because of the equipment, materials, technology, and operational and other reasons, the formation of some welding defects, the quality of the welds meet the requirements, affect the quality of work and life. 　　目 录 　　1.焊接成型特点…………………………………………………………………3 　　2.奥氏体不锈钢的焊接性………………………………