定语从句易错点.doc

定语从句易错点例说 定语从句是高中语法中一个非常基本而又重要的内容。尽管它并不是公认的最难的语法项目，但 综合多年高考在此方面考查的难度及技巧来看，高考对定语从句的考查在一些热点、难点上是值得我 们加以分析总结的。现结合多年高考题及近年来优秀高考模拟题将定语从句的六大易错点分析如下： 易错点一：不能透彻地理解关系词具有三功能。 (三种功能为：①在从句开头引导一个定语从句；②指代或替代“先行词”且先行词绝不可省，引导词有时可省；③在定语从句中作适当成分。关系代词：that既指人又指物，既可作主语又可作宾语。which只能指物，既可作主语又可作宾语。who只能指人，既可作主语又可作宾语。whom指人，只能作宾语。whose既指人又指物，在句中作形容词性物主代词。关系副词：when, where, why) Put the book __ it should be when you have finished reading it. A. where B. in which C. at the place D. the place where 此题答案为A，但where并非引导一个定语从句，而是一个地点状语从句。学生极易选B或C。 选B错在in which若引导定语从句，其前的先行词不可省，而book不能作表地点的先行词；选C若看 成一个定语从句，倒是有了先行词the Place，但定语从句引导词在从句中要作表语，此时引导词不能省； 引导词能省的情况是引导词在从句中作宾语的时候。 I can never forget the day __ we worked together and the day __ we spent together. A. when; which B. which; when C.what; that D.on which; when 此题答案为A，学生易选B。这里面特别要注意定语从句“关系词”的第三种功能即引导词要在从 句中作适当的成分。work为不及物动词，不可能再由which作它的宾语，when刚好能代替the day又可 作为句中状语，故前面为when；后一空中which能作spend这一及物动词的宾语，故答案为A。 请你练一练： 1. We will put off the picnic next week,____the weather may be better. A.where B.when C.which D.that 2. The machines we use today are much better than__ we used ten years ago. A. those B. ones C. which D. them 3. The day finally came __ she went to college. A. that B. but C. so D. when 4. The Queen will visit the town in May,_____she will open the new hospital. A. when B. then C. while D. as 5. Would you please put the book __ it belongs? A. to whom B. to which C. to that D. where 易错点二：不能区别定语从句与别的从句或结构。 学生们极易弄混定语从句与强调结构，定语从句与状语从句、表语从句等之间的区别。 It was about 600 years ago __ the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. (NMET97) A. that B. until C. before D. when 此题学生极易选D而答案为A，选D恰恰是把定语从句与强调结构弄混了。这两种结构十分相 似，稍不注意便会出错，而且这类题目刚好是最近几年高考考查的热点。判断是否是强调结构的正确方 法是删除法，即将“it is(was)…that…”部分去掉，若整个句子结构和意义不受其影响的话，也就是说此 题去掉此部分后其结构完整正确，则只能看做强调结构。 Last term our maths teacher