英美文学的重点作者汇总.doc

早期和中世纪的英国文学 Geoffrey Chaucer ii 简介：Geoffrey Chaucer is the founder of English poetry and a forerunner of humanism. He was regarded as the founder of English realism. 代表作：Troilus and Criseyde《特洛伊斯洛与克瑞西达》(改变于意大利)；The Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事集》（包括：“The Prologue”《总序》；“The Wife of Bath”《巴斯妇人》）。 The Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事集》的影响：①It shows a true-to-life picture of Chaucer’s time. (之所以说乔叟是The founder of realism，是因为早期英国文学歌颂英雄(Anglo-Saxon poetry)，中期英国文学歌颂骑士精神(The Romance)，之后虽然有了piers the plowman,也不曾直接写社会不公，直到乔叟真实描写中世纪及各层人民。) ②Taking from the stand of rising bourgeoisie, Chaucer affirms men and opposes the dogma of asceticism preached by the Church. ③His tales expose and satirize the evils of his time, attack degeneration of the noble, the corruption of the Church. 语言特色/贡献：①He is the first great poet who wrote in the English language. ②He introduced from France the rhymed stanza of various types, especially the Heroic couplet to English poetry. ③He is good at the terza rima, which makes his language a high style. 英国文艺复兴 Thomas More ii 简介：Thomas More is an English humanism churchman. 代表作：Utopia《乌托邦》。 评价：①More dared to fight against the feudalism ruler and he was a humanist. ②But, he was no revolutionary in the sense of wishing to arouse the people or to start any revolutionary movement. ③The system of bondsmen suggested to solve the problem of social productivity still remains the features of class exploitation. ④He could never find the means by which socialism could be realized. Francis Bacon 简介：He is the founder of English materialist philosophy, the first English essayist and the founder of English Modern Science. He is the one who introduced essay, the literary form, to England. 代表作：Advancement of Learning《学问的演进》；New Instrument《新工具》；The Essays《随笔》（58篇）“Of Studies”《论学习》；“Of Beauty”《论美》；“Of Wisdom for a Man’s Self”《论自私》。 “Of Studies”《论学习》：Its message is conveyed with sweeping effect and overwhelming power, which lie in the unity of the message and the consistence of forceful a