形容词副词比较级最高级讲义.doc

形容词/副词比较级和最高级 一、考点归纳 基本用法： 当两种物体之间相互比较是，要用到比较级，通常与than连用 Eg: He is two years older than me. 当三个或三个以上物体比较时，要用最高级，前面要加定冠词the。 Eg：He is the oldest in our class. 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级的变化规律： 1）单音节后直接加-er或-est Tall-taller-tallest; fast-faster-fastest 2）以e结尾的单音节形容词、副词后直接加-r或-st Large-larger-largest; nice-nicer-nicest 以y结尾的，改y为i再加-er或-est Busy-busier-busiest; early-earlier-earliest 重读闭音节结尾，双写最后的辅音字母，再加-er或-est Hot-hotter-hottest; big-bigger-biggest 多音节形容词、副词，前面直接加more或most Beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful; Interesting - more interesting- most interesting 部分不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest 二、常用句型 原级： 肯定——as+原级+as eg：Mary is as tall as lily. 否定——not as/so+原级+as eg：He is not as/so hard-working a student as you. 形容词与单数可数名词连用——as/so+原级+a/an+单数名词+as eg: She is so young and beautiful a girl as you. 表示倍数/分数关系——倍数/分数+as+原级+as eg: The man is twice as old as my father. 比较级 一般句型：(not)比较级+than eg: She is better than I(me) at swimming. She is more beautiful than lily.——She is less beautiful than lily. 注意：no+比较级+than=as+比较级的原级的反义词+as eg: The weather is no better than last month. =The weather is as bad as last month. 比较级+比较级——“越来越…”:better and better; more and more beautiful eg: Our country is becoming better and better. The+比较级，the+另一个比较级——“越…，就越…” eg: The more you paid, the more you gained. The+比较级+of the+两者——“两者中较…的那一个”（the不能省） eg: Of the two shirts, I’d like to choose the less expensive one. 最高级 一般句型：the+最高级 eg: He is the tallest boy in my class. One of + the+最高级+名词复数 eg: China is one of the largest countries in the world. 注意：1、表示“最高程度”的形容词：excellent、extreme、perfect等，没有最高级，也不能用比较级。 2、作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词。 eg: Friday is their busiest day. 三、比较级、最高级修饰词 1、比较级：可用much、a little、even、still等修饰。 eg: The weather here is much warmer than that of Shanghai. 2、最高级：可被序数词以及much、by far、nearly、almost、not quite、not really、nothing like等修饰。 eg: How much did the seco