中学英语语法总结.doc

PAGE PAGE 24 中学英语语法精典总结 宾语从句：1.主句若是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况用适当时态。 He says (that) he will have a walk soon. ?The teacher asks who is the cleverest in the school. ?I want to know who came here late this morning. ?2.主句若是一般过去时，从句也要用过去时。 ?He wondered if I would come. She told me that her son had got well. ?She said that she liked watching TV. We thought Jim was wrong. ?3.无论主句是何时态，从句若表客观真理，要用一般现在时。 Mr. Li said the moon is smaller than the earth. 4.宾语从句无论有何引导词，都要用陈述句语序。 ?Could you tell me when you will get back to Wuhan?（不是will you） ?Do you know which sweater she is wearing? (不是is she) 二．状语从句：1主句若是一般将来时、祈使句或含不表过去的情态动词等，则if(如果), unless(除非)，when(当…的时候), as soon as(一…就…)，before, after, until, till, as(当…的时候)所引导的状语从句用一般现在时。 You may take a rest when you finish doing your work. ?I will call you up if I leave for Shanghai next week. ?Wait for your brother at the bus station until he arrives. 2而主句若是一般过去时，从句也要用过去时，如： ?I would give the money to the charity if I had a million dollars. ?When he got to the park, his classmates had left. ?My son ran towards me as soon as he saw me on the street. 3.定语从句：关系代词who只指人，which只指物。that既可指人又可指物。whose 后必须跟有名词，既指人，也可指物。关系词作主语时，不可省略，作宾语时可省略。whom只指人，只作宾语。关系副词where指“在那里”，when指“在那时”。 She is a girl who/that is beautiful and kind-hearted. ?She is a girl (who/whom/that) I know very well. ?That boy whose hair is very long is my brother. (所属) The girl whois tall is my sister. / I own a bike whose price is high. I bought a watch (which/that) I paid 100 yuan for. （指物） I prefer a place which/that is clean and quiet. I prefer a place where I can live a quiet life. （在这儿） I shall never forget the day whena boy helped me find my dog. 4.wish和hope: wish可接to do sth. /sb to do sth. /that从句. I wish to spend my summer holiday in Qingdao. I wish youto join my party this Sunday. I wish (that) I could be a scientist. hope接to do sth. 或that从句. 但不接sb to do sth. I hope to receive a letter from you some day. I hope (that) everything goes well. /I hope you will get well soon. 5.tha