高效薄层色谱法鉴别种中药多糖.doc

高效薄层色谱法鉴别6种中药多糖 杨成，管佳，章江生，李绍平* （澳门大学中华医药研究院，澳门） 摘要：目的 鉴别不同来源的中药多糖。方法 采用高效薄层色谱法分析多糖酸水解产物，同时应用2种显色剂以及薄层扫描技术，获得可区别中药多糖的特征图谱。结果 以正丁醇：甲醇：氯仿：冰醋酸：水=12.5: 5:4.5:1.5:1.5(v/v)为展开剂， 7种标准单糖和2种糖醛酸为对照，使用苯胺-二苯胺为糖类成分显色剂，结合茚三酮显色剂检查氨基酸类成分，获得了多糖酸水解产物中两类成分的特征薄层色谱，可用于区分来自冬虫夏草、灵芝、黄芪、人参、西洋参和三七的6种多糖组分。结论 建立了一种可鉴别6种中药多糖的高效薄层色谱法，此法简单快速，经济实用，可以用于多糖类成分质量控制。 关键词：多糖，高效薄层色谱，质量控制，中药 Discrimination of Polysaccharides from Six Traditional Chinese Medicines using High-performance Thin-layer Chromatography YANG Cheng, GUAN Jia, ZHANG Jiang-sheng, LI Shao-ping* (Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China) ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE To distinguish the polysaccharides from different Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). METHODS The acid hydrolyzates of polysaccharides were analyzed by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) combined with two coloration methods and thin layer scanning technique. RESULTS The chromatography was performed on nano silica gel 60 plate with n-butanol -methanol-chloroform- acetic acid-water (12.5:5:4.5:1.5:1.5, v/v/v/v/v) as mobile phase. 7 monosaccharides and 2 glycuronic acids were used as reference compounds. The aniline-diphenylamine solution and ninhydrin solution were employed for detection of saccharides and amino acids, respectively. The polysaccharides from Cordyceps sinensis, Ganoderma lucidum, Astragalus memberanaceus, Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolii and Panax notogiseng were easily discriminated based on their characteristic TLC profiles. CONCLUSION A simple, rapid and effective HPTLC method was developed for distinguishing the polysaccharides from 6 TCMs, which is helpful to control the quality of polysaccharides from Chinese medicine. KEY WORDS: Polysaccharides; HPTLC; Quality control; TCMs 多糖是一类由单糖（通常大于10个）通过糖苷键连接而成的生物大分子聚合物，是生物体维持生命活动的必需物质。近年来，由传统中药及天然药物中分离得到的多糖类成分，因其广泛的生物活性，如抗肿瘤，调节免疫，抗病毒等[1-4]已成为多糖研究的热点。然而，如何鉴别不同来源的中药多糖一直是个难题，也是多糖质量控制的关键问题。目前多种现代仪器分析方法，如薄层色谱[5]、气相色谱[6]、高效液相色谱[7]、质谱[8]、核磁共振[9]等已应用于多糖的结构分析中，其中薄层色谱因其简单、快速、样本量