广西香稻育种现状及发展策略.doc

广西香稻育种现状及发展策略 陈传华 李虎 刘广林 陈远孟 罗群昌 广西农业科学院水稻研究所/国家水稻改良中心南宁 分中心 对21世纪以來广西香稻品种的审定情况及广西自育香稻品种的产量、品质以及 抗性等进行统计分析，探明了广西香稻的育种现状及存在问题，如广西通过审 定的香稻品种中自育品种较少，且多为常规稻品种；自育香稻品种的优质达标率 较低，主要原因是直链淀粉含量偏低；自育香稻品种株高适中，多为大粒型品种, 后期育成品种产量有所提高，主要通过育成大穗型品种来实现；自育香稻品种稻 瘟病抗性整体较差，白叶枯病前期抗性表现较好、后期出现退步等。今后应加强 香稻品种的选育力度，特别是杂交香稻品种的选育力度;加快香稻品种鉴定技术 的研究和利用，为香稻品种的审定提供技术支撑;加强中等偏低直链淀粉含量香 稻品种的选育，以市场需求为导向，制定广西优质稻米相关地方标准，特别注 重直链淀粉含量标准的调整;把提高稻瘟病抗性作为香稻品种选育过程中的重点 工作内容等。 关键词 香稻;产量;品质;直链淀粉含量;抗性;发展策略; 2017-08-12 基金广西科技计划项目（桂科A Breeding Status and Development Strategy of Fragrant Rice in Guangxi Province CHEN Chuanhua LI Hu LIU Guanglin CHEN Yuanmeng LUO Qunchang Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Nanning Sub-center of the National Center for Rice Improvement; Abstract In order to find the present situation and existing problems of fragrant rice breeding in Guangxi Province, the yield, quality and resistanee of the fragrant rice varieties which were bred in Guangxi Provincc since 2000 to 2016 were analyzed. The result showed that there were small number of fragrant rice varieties bred by Guangxi Province, and these varieties were almost conventional varieties. The high quality rate of fragrant rice varieties was 1 ow in Guangxi Province, mainly because of the low amylose content. The yields of latcly bred rice were higher than ceirly oncs，which were mainly through the breeding of large panicle varieties. Most of these fragrant rice varieties had poor resistance to rice blast, the bacterial blight resistance of early rice were stronger than la.tely rice. From now on, we should strengthen the breeding ability of fragrant rice varieties, especially the breeding ability of hybrid rice varicties, and coordinatc the quality indexes of rice varieties; accelerate the research and utilization of identifiertion technology of fragrant rice varieties; strengthen the selection and breeding of fragrant rice varieties with medium-1 ow amylose content, estab 1 i sh the local st andards re