广东外语外贸大学普通心理学课件第十一章 Health, Stress, and Coping.ppt

Chapter 11Health, Stress, and Coping Health Psychology and Behavioral Risk Factors Health Psychology: Uses behavioral principles to prevent illness and promote health Behavioral Medicine: Applies psychology to manage behavioral problems Lifestyle Diseases: Diseases related to health-damaging personal habits Behavioral Risk Factors: Behaviors that increase the chances of disease, injury, or premature death Disease-Prone Personality: Personality type associated with poor health; person tends to be chronically depressed, anxious, and hostile Ways to Promote Health Refusal Skills Training: Program that teaches young people how to resist pressures to begin smoking Life Skills Training: Teaches stress reduction, self-protection, decision making, self-control, and social skills Wellness: Positive state of good health and well-being Stress Mental and physical condition that occurs when a person must adjust or adapt to the environment Includes marital and financial problems Eustress: Good stress (e.g., travel, dating) Stress Reaction: Physical response to stress Autonomic Nervous System is aroused Stressor: Condition or event that challenges or threatens the person Pressure: When a person must meet urgent external demands or expectations Burnout Burnout: Job-related condition (usually in helping professions) of physical, mental, and emotional exhaustion. Has three aspects: Emotional Exhaustion: Feel “used up” and “empty” Cynicism or detachment from others Feeling of reduced personal accomplishment Appraising Stressors Primary Appraisal: Deciding if a situation is relevant or irrelevant, positive or threatening Secondary Appraisal: Deciding how to cope with a threat or challenge Perceived lack of control is just as threatening as an actual lack of control Threats and Frustration Problem-Focused Coping: Managing or altering the distressing situation Emotion-Coping Focusing: Trying to control one’s emotional reactions to the situation Frustration: Negative emotional stat