聊城大学计算机学院计算机操作系统（2）英文课件 Lecture1.ppt

CS162Operating Systems andSystems ProgrammingLecture 1What is an Operating System? August 29, 2005 Prof. John Kubiatowicz /~cs162 Who am I? Professor John Kubiatowicz (Prof “Kubi”) Background in Hardware Design Alewife project at MIT Designed CMMU, Modified SPAR C processor Helped to write operating system Background in Operating Systems Worked for Project Athena (MIT) OS Developer (device drivers, network file systems) Worked on Clustered High-Availability systems(CLAM Associates) Peer-to-Peer OceanStore project – Store your data for 1000 years Tapestry and Bamboo – Find you data around globe Quantum Computing Well, this is just cool, but probably not apropos Goals for Today What is an Operating System? And – what is it not? Examples of Operating Systems design Why study Operating Systems? Oh, and “How does this class operate?” Rapid Underlying Technology Change “Cramming More Components onto Integrated Circuits” Gordon Moore, Electronics, 1965 Computing Devices Everywhere Computer System Organization Computer-system operation One or more CPUs, device controllers connect through common bus providing access to shared memory Concurrent execution of CPUs and devices competing for memory cycles Functionality comes with great complexity! Sample of Computer Architecture Topics Example: Some Mars Rover Requirements Serious hardware limitations/complexity: 20Mhz powerPC processor, 128MB of RAM cameras, scientific instruments, batteries, solar panels, and locomotion equipment Many independent processes work together Can’t hit reset button very easily! Must reboot itself if necessary Always able to receive commands from Earth Individual Programs must not interfere Suppose the MUT (Martian Universal Translator Module) buggy Better not crash antenna positioning software! Further, all software may crash occasionally Automatic restart with diagnostics sent to Earth Periodic checkpoint of results saved? Certain functions time critical: Need to stop before hitting so