兰州大学检体诊断学课件 血管检查一(英文).ppt

血管检查英文 一 《诊断学》diagnostics Chapter 5 ， Section 6  EXAMINATION OF BLOOD VESSELS Main contents Arterial pulse Blood pressure Vascular murmur Peripheral vessels sign Methods used in the examination Inspection Palpation Percussion Auscultation 1. Arterial pulse The method of examination The common positions of palpation are arteria radialis ,arteria carotis , arteria cruralis ,arteria dorsalis pedis and so on (桡动脉、颈动脉、股动脉及足背动脉等). Two sides pulses should be compared each other when do palpation. Two sides pulses in constrictive aorto-arteritis（缩窄性大动脉炎）and aortic arch syndroma（无脉症）are different. Angiometer (脉搏计)traced wave form of blood vessels. Palpation of arteria radialis Palpation of arteria carotis and arteria cruralis Pulse rate Pulse rhythm Tensity and condition of artery wall Size Pulse wave （1）Pulse rate At the quiet conscious circumstance the normal pulse rate of adult is 60-100 per minute. Pulse rate of the aged is slower, female is slightly faster, and children is fairly faster. Various kinds of pathophysiological circumstances or medicine made pulse rate increased or decreased. To observe whether the pulse rate and heart rate is coherent. Pulses of some arhythmia such as AF or incessant premature systole is less than heart rates. （2）Pulse rhythm Pulse rhythm reflect cardiac rhythm. Pulse rhythm of healthy adult is regular. The patient of arhythmia can affect pulse rhythm. Atrial fibrillation: Pulse rhythm is absolutely irregular and pulse rate is less than heart rate. It is called dropped beat (脉搏短绌). Premature systole: Bigeminal rhythm or trigeminy can form bigeminal pulse ,trigeminal pulse. The patients of Ⅱo atrial ventricular block (AVB) have dropped-beat pulse. It is called dropped pulse(脱落脉). （3）Tensity and condition of artery wall Pulse tensity is relevant to blood pressure (blood pressure is mainly systolic pressure) Finger pulp（指腹）of two fingers should be put on pulse. The proximal part of the finger made an effort to block bl