第9-3章微生物学(赵立平).pdfVIP

Virus: Growth, quantification, replication and diversity Lecture 9-3 Essentials of Virology Chapter 10 in BROCK BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University 9.11 Overview of Animal Viruses Shanghai Jiao Tong University 9.11.1 Differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes that affect virus multiplication 1. Entrance into the cell: Absence or presence of cell wall • For many bacteriophages only the genome and perhaps one or two proteins penetrate into the cytoplasm itself. • For animal viruses, the entire virion or at least the nucleocapsid enters the cytoplasm by endocytosis and then must be uncoated. 2. Site for replication: Cellular compartmentation • No compartmentation in prokaryotes • Compartmentation in eukaryotes (DNA replication and transcription occur in the nucleus, whereas translation occurs in the cytoplasm) Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai Jiao Tong University 9.11.1 Differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes that affect virus multiplication 3. mRNA synthesis and protein translation • Polycistronic for bacteria • Monocistronic for eukaryotes Shanghai Jiao Tong University 9.11.2 Classification of animal viruses Parvovirus细小病毒 papovavirus乳关多瘤空泡病毒 adenovirus腺病毒 iridovirus虹彩病 Picornavirus小核糖核酸病毒 reovirus呼吸道肠道病毒 togavirus外衣病毒 rhabdovirus棒 状病毒 orthomyxovirus正粘病毒 bunyavirus布尼亚病毒 coronavirus冠状病毒 arenavirus沙粒病毒 retrovirus逆转录病毒 paramyxovirus副粘病毒 The taxonomy of DNA animal viruses The taxonomy of RNA animal viruses 9.11.3 Consequences of Virus Infection in Animal Cells 病毒感染动物细胞后的可能后果