第四讲 翻译文学研究的理论方法：多元系统论.pptVIP

第四讲 翻译文学研究的理论方法  理论的作用 “理论的最大优点在于给我们观察到的事物提供一把钥匙。给表现行为[指文艺创作]一个解释。找出千千万万、多得令我们难以招架的现象之间的关系，发现因果，简言之，在一片混乱之中理出一个说得过去的、逻辑的、或可信的秩序，这本来是人的使命的主要部分。一个能解释某些事物或很多事物的理论就具有科学的、经济的、哲学的、宗教的和社会的价值，高出于只能解答一个问题的说法。” ”——[美]雷马克：《比较文学在大学里的处境》，杨周翰译 Born in Tel Aviv (1939), Professor Even-Zohar has earned his degrees from the universities of Tel Aviv (B.A., and Ph.D) and Jerusalem (M.A). He has also studied in Oslo, Copenhagen, and Stockholm. He has stayed, for shorter or longer periods, as a guest professor and/or scholar in European and American universities and research centers, such as Amsterdam, Paris, Philadelphia, Reykjavík, Quebec City, Louvain, Santiago de Compostela, Santander, St. Johns (Newfoundland), Barcelona. He has a working knowledge of the following languages: Hebrew (mother tongue), Arabic, English, French, Swedish, Spanish, Norwegian, Danish, Italian, Russian, German, Icelandic, and a few other languages. He is Professor of Culture Research and Porter Chair Professor of Semiotics and Literary Theory, Tel Aviv University. He has functioned since 1993 as coordinator of the new Culture Research Group, and since 1995 – as Chairperson of the new Graduate Program in Culture Research, and the Unit for Culture Research, Tel Aviv University. His current main field is culture research. His main work has been developing polysystem theory, designed to deal with dynamics and heterogeneity in culture. In earlier stages of his work he contributed to developing a poly-systemic theory of translation, i.e., designed to account for translation as a complex and dynamic activity governed by system relations rather than by a-priori fixed parameters of comparative language capabilities. This has subsequently led to studies on literary interference, eventually analyzed in terms of intercultural relations. His major collections of works so far are: Papers in Historical Poetics (Tel Aviv, 1978), and Polysystem