泰勒公式及其在解题中的应用毕业论文.doc

PAGE 毕 业 设 计（论 文） 题目：泰勒公式及其在解题中的应用 Title: Taylor formula and its application in solving problems 学 院：理学院 专 业：信息与计算科学 姓 名： 学 号： 指导教师： 二零一二年六月 摘 要 泰勒公式是数学分析中的重要组成部分，它的理论方法已成为研究函数极限和估计误差等方面的不可或缺的工具，它集中体现了微积分“逼近法”的精髓，在近似计算方面有着得天独厚的优势，利用它可以将复杂问题简单化，可以将非线性问题化为线性问题，并且能满足相当高的精确度要求。它是微积分中值定理的推广，亦是应用高阶导数研究函数性态的重要工具。泰勒公式在微积分的各个领域都有着重要的应用，而且泰勒公式“化繁为简”的功能在数学领域的研究方面也起到了很大的作用。文章除了介绍了带佩亚诺型余项和拉格朗日型余项的泰勒公式在常用的近似计算、求极限、不等式的证明、判断函数极值上作求解证明外，特别地，对泰勒公式在函数凹凸性及拐点判断、级数和广义积分敛散性判断、行列式计算等问题的应用上做了详细系统的介绍，并且本文讨论了一种新的证明泰勒公式的方法，进一步将泰勒公式推广到更一般的形式。 关键词：泰勒公式； 佩亚诺型余项； 拉格朗日型余项； 应用 ABSTRACT Taylors formula is an important part of mathematical analysis, the theory has become an indispensable tool of the research function limits and estimation error, which embodies the essence of calculus approximation method, It have an unique advantage in the approximate calculation, it also can make complex issues into simplistic, non-linear problem into a linear problem, and can meet the very high accuracy requirements. It is the promotion of the mean value theorem in calculus, is also an important tool for the application of higher order derivatives of the functional state. Taylor formula in the calculus of the various fields have important applications, and the Taylor formula for complex simple function in the mathematical field of research has played a significant role. This article in addition introdution Peano remainder and Lagrange remainder term of Taylor formula commonly used in approximate calculation, the limit inequality proof to determine the function extremum for solving prove, in particular, A detailed introduction of the Taylor formula in the application of the function bump and the inflection point judgment, the judgment of convergence and divergence of series and generalized integral, determinant calculation, and the article discusses a new method to prove that the Taylor formula, further Taylor formula to the more general form. Keywords: T