直流无刷电机驱动技术的研究毕业设计(论文).doc

直流无刷电机驱动技术的研究 64 - 直流无刷电机驱动技术的研究 摘 要 随着现代电力电子技术的发展和永磁材料性能的不断提高，无刷直流电动机的系统在高性能运动控制领域越来越受到重视。无刷直流电动机既具有直流电动机运行效率高、调速性能好、无励磁损耗等诸多特点，又具备交流电动机的运行可靠、结构简单、维护方便等一系列优点，在国民经济各个领域的应用日益普及。 本文在对无刷直流电动机控制系统的发展及应用综述的基础上，详细的介绍了无刷直流电动机的基本结构、工作原理和运行特性，并给出了其数学模型。简述了无刷直流电动机的控制策略，并分析了无位置传感器控制技术的原理和方法。然后对无刷直流电动机双闭环控制系统的硬、软件设计作了详细论述。系统以 TI 公司的 TMS320LF2407 芯片为控制核心，分析了 PWM 信号的产生分配情况，给出反电动势过零点、速度及电流等检测电路设计，并以 IR2130 作为驱动芯片设计了无刷直流电动机的驱动电路，采用三段式起动方式来起动电动机。系统的软件采用模块化设计方法，主要包括初始化程序、起动子程序、换相子程序、ADC 中断服务程序等。最后运用 SIMULINK 建立了无刷直流电动机控制系统的仿真模型，并对给定实例进行仿真。 本论文所述无刷直流电动机控制系统的设计方案，可以获得良好的速度控制性能，而且 DSP 技术不仅使系统获得了高精度，高可靠性，还简化了系统结构。： 关键词：无刷直流电动机 PWM 控制 无位置传感器 仿真 Abstract With the development of power electronics technology and ceaseless advance of permanent magnet material, Brushless DC motor (BLDCM) is more and more attention in the field of high performance motion control. BLDCM has been widely used in the various fields of the national economy because this motor not only has the merit of the DC motor for high efficiency, good performance and no excitation loss etc. but also has the merit of the AC induction motor for reliable operation, simple structure and easy maintenance etc. On the basis of the summary for developments and applications of BLDCM control system,the thesis introduces the structure, running principle, operational characteristics and mathematical model of BLDCM. It outlines BLDCM control strategy, and discusses the principles and methods of the control technology with no position sensor detection. Then the hardware and software design of the double closed loop control system is dissertated in detail.The controller of the hardware of the system is built by using the TMS320LF2407 as the microprocessor. It analyses the formation of PWM signals and designs the circuit of BEMF-zero-crossing, velocity and current detection. This system chooses syllogism jump-start motor. Besides, the drive circuit of the BLDCM is designed with IR2130. System software is modular in design methods, Includ